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^''^^'^SUli,  ROOM 


COL.  GEORGE  WASHINGTON  FLOWERS 
MEMORIAL  COLLECTION 


DUKF.  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 
DURHAM.  N.  C. 


PRHSENTED  BV 
W.  W.  FLOWERS 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2010  with  funding  from 
Duke  University  Libraries 


http://www.archive.org/details/presidentsmessaOOconf 


r^.  ^- 


PRESIDENT'S  MESSAGE 


jCnd 


ACCOMPANYING  DOCUMENTS. 


To  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  Confederate  States  : 

It  is  again  oui*  fortune  to  meet  for  devising  measures  necessary  to 
the  public  welfare  whilst  our  country  is  involved  in  a  desolating  war. 
The  sufferings  endured  by  some  portions  of  the  people  excite  the  deep 
solicitude  of  the  Government,  and  the  sympathy  thus  evoked  has  been 
heightened  by  the  patriotic  devotion  with  which  these  sufferings  have 
been  borne.  The  gallantry  and  good  conduct  of  our  troops,  always 
claiming  the  gratitude  of  the  country,  have  been  further  illustrated  on 
hard  fought  fields,  marked  by  exhibitions  of  individual  prowess  which 
can  find  but  few  parallels  in  ancient  or  modern  history.  Our  army 
has  not  faltered  in  any  of  the  various  trials  to  which  it  has  been  sub- 
jected, and  the  great  body  of  the  people  have  continued  to  manifest  a 
zeal  and  unanimity  which  not  only  cheer  the  battle-stained  soldier, 
but  gives  assurance  to  the  friends  of  constitutional  liberty  of  our  final 
triumph  in  the  pending  struggle  aga.inst  despotic  usurpation. 

The  vast  army  which  threatened  the  capital  of  the  Confederacy 
has  been  defeated  and  driven  from  the  lines  of  investment,  and  the 
enemy  repeatedly  foiled  in  his  eflbrts  for  its  capture,  is  now  seeking 
to  raise  new  armies  on  a  scale  such  as  modern  history  does  not  record, 
to  effect  that  subjugation  of  the  South  so  often  proclaimed  as  on  the 
eve  of  accomplishment. 

The  perfidy  which  disregarded  rights  secured  by  compact,  the  mad-- 
ness  which  trampled  on  obligations  made  sacred  by  every  considera- ■ 
tion  of  honor,  have  been  intensified  by  the  malignity  engendered  by 
defeat.  These  passions  have  changed  the  character  of  the  hostilities 
waged  by  our  enemies,  who  are  becoming  daily  less  regardful  of  the 
usages  of  civilized  war  and  the  dictates  of  humanity  Rapine  and 
wanton  destruction  of  private  property,  war  upon  non-combatants, 
murder  of  captives,  bloody  threats  to  avenge  the  death  of  an  invading 
soldiery  by  the  slaughter  of  unarmed  citizens,  orders  of  banishment 
against  peaceful  farmers  engaged  in  the  cultivation  of  the  soil,  are 
some  of  the  means  used  by  our  ruthless  invaders  to  enforce  the  sub- 
mission of  a  free   people  to  foreign   sway.     Confiscation   bills  of  a 


V''2.^1}«3L*2l 


character  so  atrocious  as  to  ensure,  if  executed,  the  utter  ruin  of  the 
entire  population  of  these  States,  are  passed  by  their  Congress  and 
approved  by  their  Executive.  The  moneyed  obligations  of  the  Con- 
federate Government  are  forged  by  citizens  of  the  United  States,  and 
publicly  advertised  for  sale  in  their  cities  with  a  notoriety  that  suf- 
ficiently attests  the  knowledge  of  their  Government,  and  its  complici- 
ty in  the  crime  is  further  evinced  by  the  fact  that  the  soldiers  of  the 
invading  armies  are  found  supplied  witli  large  quantities  of  these 
forged  notes  as  a  means  of  despoiling  the  country  people,  by  fraud, 
out  of  such  portions  of  their  property  as  armed  violence  may  fail  to 
reach.  Two  at  least  of  the  generals  of  the  United  States  are  engaged, 
unchecked  by  their  Government,  in  exciting  servile  insurrection,  and 
in  arming  and  training  slaves  for  warfare  against  their  masters,  citi- 
zens of  the  Confederacy.  Another  has  been  found  of  instincts  so 
brutal  as  to  invite  the  violence  of  his  soldiery  against  the  women  of  a 
captured  city.  Yet  the  rebuke  of  ciyilized  man  has  failed  to  evoke 
from  the  authorities  of  the  United  States  one  mark  of  disapprobation 
of  his  acts,  nor  is  there  any  reason  to  suppose  that  the  conduct  of 
Benjamin  F.  Butler  has  failed  to  secure  from  his  Government  the 
sanction  and  applause  with  which  it  is  known  to  have  been  greeted  by 
public  meetings  and  portions  of  the  press  of  the  United  States.  To 
inquiries  made  of  the  commander-in-chief  of  the  armies  of  the  United 
States  whether  the  atrocious  comluct  of  some  of  their  military  com- 
manilers  met  the  sanction  of  that  Government,  answer  has  been  evaded 
on  the  pretext  that  the  enquiry  was  insulting,  and  no  method  remains 
for  the  repression  of  these  enormities  but  such  retributive  justice  as 
it  may  be  found  possible  to  execute.  Retaliation  in  kind  for  many  of 
them  is  impracticable,  for  I  have  had  occasion  to  remark  in  a  former 
message  that  under  no  excess  of  provocation  could  our  noble  hearted 
defenders  be  driven  to  wreak  vengeance  on  unarmed  men,  on  women, 
or  on  children.  But  stern  and  exemplary  punishment  can  and  must 
be  meted  out  to  the  murderers  and  felons  who,  disgracing  the  profes- 
sion of  arms,  seek  to  make  of  public  war  the  occasion  for  the  commis- 
sion of  the  most  monstrous  crimes.  Deeply  as  we  may  regret  the 
character  of  the  contest  into  which  we  are  about  to  be  forced,  we  must 
: accept  it  as  an  alternative  which  recent  manifestations  give  us  little 
reason  to  hope  can  bo  avoided.  The  exasperation  of  failure  has 
aroused  the  worst  passions  of  our  enemies :  a  large  portion  of  their 
people,  even  of  the  clergymen,  now  engage  in  urging  an  excited  popu- 
lace to  the  extreme  of  ferocity,  and  nothing  remains  but  to  vindicate 
'Our  rights  and  maintain  our  existence  by  employing  against  our  foes 
every  energy  and  every  resource  at  our  disposal. 

I  append  for  your  information  a  copy  of  the  papers  exhibiting  the 
action  of  the  Government  up  to  the  present  time  for  the  repression  of 
the  outrages  committed  on  our  people.  Other  measures  now  in  pro- 
gress will  be  submitted  hereafter.  _  , 

In  inviting  your  attention  to  the  legislation  which  the  necessities  of 
-our  condition  require,  those  connected  witli  the  prosecution  of  the  war 
■  command  almost  undivided  attention.  The  acts  passed  at  your  last 
session  intended  to  secure   the  public  defence  by  general  enrolment. 


c^  fi 


and  to  render  uniform  the  rules  governing  troops  in  the  service,  have 
led  to  some  unexpected  criticism  that  is  much  to  be  regretted.  The 
eflScacy  of  the  law  has  thus  been  somewhat  impaired,  though  it  is  not 
believed  that  in  any  of  the  States  the  popular  mind  has  Avithheld  its 
sanction  from  either  the  necessity  or  propriety  of  your  legislation.  It 
is  only  by  harmonious  as  well  as  zealous  action  that  a  government  as 
new  as  ours,  ushered  into  existence  on  the  very  eve  of  a  great  war, 
and  unprovided  with  the  material  necessary  for  conducting  hostilities 
on  so  vast  a  scale,  can  fulfil  its  duties.  Upon  you  who  are  fully 
informed  of  the  acts  and  purposes  of  the  Government,  and  thoroughly 
imbued  with  the  feelings  and  sentiments  of  the  people,  must  reliance 
be  placed  to  secure  this  great  object.  You  can  best  devise  the  means 
for  establishing  that  entire  co-operation  of  the  State  and  Confederate 
Governments  which  is  essential  to  the  well-being  of  both  at  all  times, 
but  which  is  now  indispensable  to  their  very  existence.  And  if  any 
legislation  shall  seem  to  you  appropriate  for  adjusting  differences  of 
opinion,  it  will  be  my  pleasure  as  well  as  duty,  to  co-operate  in  any 
measure  that  may  be  devised  for  reconciling  a  just  care  for  the  public 
defence  with  a  proper  deference  for  the  most  scrupulous  susceptibili- 
ties of  the  State  authorities. 

The  report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  will  exhibit  in  detail 
the  operations  of  that  department.  It  will  be  seen  with  satisfaction 
that  the  credit  of  the  Government  securities  remains  unimpaired,  and 
that  this  credit  is  fully  justified  by  the  comparatively  small  amount 
of  accumulated  debt,  nothwithstanding  the  magnitude  of  our  military 
operations.  The  legislation  of  the  last  session  provided  for  the  pur- 
chase of  supplies  with  the  bonds  of  the  Government,  but  the  prefer- 
ence of  the  people  for  Treasury  Notes  has  been  so  marked  that  legis- 
lation is  recommended  to  authorize  an  increase  in  the  issue  of  Treasury 
Notes,  which  the  public  service  seems  to  require.  No  grave  inconve- 
nience need  be  apprehended  from  this  increased  issue,  as  the  provision 
of  law  by  which  these  notes  are  convertible  into  eight  per  cent,  bonds, 
forms  an  efficient  and  permanent  safeguard  against  any  serious  de- 
preciation of  the  currency.  Your  attention  is  also  invited  to  the 
means  proposed  by  the  Secretary  for  facilitating  the  preparation  of 
these  notes,  and  for  guarding  them  against  forgery.  It  is  due  to  our 
people  to  state  that  no  manufacture  of  counterfeit  notes  exists  within 
our  limits,  and  that  they  are  all  imported  from   the  Northern   States. 

The  report  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  which  is  submitted,  contains 
numerous  suggestions  for  the  legislation,  deemed  desirable  in  order  to 
add  to  the  efficiency  of  the  service.  I  invite  your  favorable  consid- 
eration especially  to  those  recommendations,  which  are  intended  to 
secure  the  proper  execution  of  the  Conscript  Law,  and  tlie  consolidji- 
tion  of  companies,  battalions  and  regiments,  when  so  reduced  in 
strength  as  to  impair  that  uniformity  of  organization  which  is  necessary 
in  the  army,  while  an  undue  burthen  is  imposed  on  the  Treasury.  The 
necessity  for  some  legislation  for  controlling  military  transportation 
on  the  railroads,  and  improving  their  present  defective  condition  forces 
itself  upon  the  attention  of  the  Government,  and  I  trust  that  you  will 
be  able  to  devise  satisfactory  measures  for  attaining  this  purpose. 


^u^o'^.^a. 


The  legislation  on  the  subject  of  general  officers  involves  the  service 
in  some  difficulties  which  are  pointed  out  by  the  Secretary,  and  for 
vrhich  the  remedy  suggested  by  him  seems  appropriate. 

In  connection  with  this  subject,  I  am  of  opinion  that  prudence 
dictates  some  provision  for  the  increase  of  the  army,  in  the  event  of 
emergencies  not  now  anticipated.  The  very  large  increase  of  forces 
recently  called  into  the  fiel;4  by  the  President  of  the  United  States 
may  render  it  necessary  hereafter  to  extend  the  provisions  of  the  Con- 
script Law  so  as  to  embrace  persons  between  the  ages  of  35  and  45 
years.  The  vigor  and  efficiency  of  our  present  forces,  their  condition, 
and  the  skill  and  ability  which  distinguish  their  leaders  inspire  the 
belief  that  no  further  enrolment  will  be  necessary,  but  a  wise  fore- 
sight requires  that  if  a  necessity  should  be  suddenly  developed  during 
the  recess  of  Congress,  requiring  increased  forces  for  our  defence, 
means  should  exist  for  calling  such  forces  into  the  field  without  await- 
ing the  re-assembling  of  the  Legislative  Department  of  the  Govern- 
ment. 

In  the  election  and  appointment  of  officers  for  the  Provisional 
Army,  it  was  to  be  anticipated  that  mistakes  would  be  made  and 
incompetent  officers  of  all  grades  introduced  into  the  service.  In  the 
absence  of  experience,  and  with  no  reliable  guide  for  selection,  exe- 
cutive appointments  as  well  as  elections  have  been  sometimes  unfor- 
tunate. The'good  of  the  service,  the  interests  of  our  country  require, 
that  some  means  be  devised  for  withdrawing  the  commission  of  officers 
who  are  incompetent  for  the  duties  required  by  the  position,  and  I 
trust  that  you  will  find  means  for  relieving  the  army  of  such  officers 
by  some  mode  more  prompt  and  less  wounding  to  their  sensibility  than 
judgment  of  a  court  martial. 

Within  a  recent  period  we  have  effected  the  object  so  long  desired 
of  an  arrangement  for  the  exchange  of  prisoners,  which  is  now  being 
executed  by  delivery  at  the  points  agreed  upon,  and  which  will,  it  is 
hoped,  speedily  restore  our  brave  and  unfortunate  countrymen  to  their 
places  in  the  ranks  of  the  army,  from  which  by  the  fortune  of  war 
they  have  for  a  time  been  separated.  The  details  of  this  arrangement 
will  be  communicated  to  you  in  a  special  report  when  further  progi'ess 
has  been  made  in  their  execution. 

Of  other  particulars  concerning  the  operations  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment, you  will  be  informed  by  the  Secretary  in  his  report  and  the 
accompanying  documents 

The  report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  embraces  a  statement  of 
the  operations  and  present  condition  of  this  branch  of  the  public  service, 
both  afloat  and  ashore ;  the  construction  and  equipment  of  armed  vessels 
at  home  and  abroad  ;  the  manufacture  of  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  ; 
the  establishment  of  workshops  and  the  development  of  our  resources  of 
coal  and  of  iron.  Some  legislation  seems  essential  for  securing  crews 
for  vessels.  The  difficulties  now  experienced  on  this  point  are  fully 
stated  in  the  Secretary's  report,  and  I  invite  your  attention  to  pro- 
viding a  remedy. 

The  report  of  the  Postmaster  General  discloses  the  embarrassments 
which  resulted  in  the  postal  service  from  the  occupation  by  the  enemy 


y^'je-:'V 


of  the  Mississippi  River  and  portions  of  the  territory  of  the  diflFerent 
States.  The  measures  taken  by  the  department  for  relievino-  these 
embarrassments  as  far  as  practicable,  are  detailed  in  the  report.  It 
is  a  subject  of  congratulation,  that  during  the  ten  months  which 
ended  on  the  31st  March  last,  the  expense's  of  the  department  were 
largely  decreased,  whilst  its  revenue  was  augmented,  as  compared 
with  a  corresponding  period  ending  on  the  3(lth  June,  1860,  when  the 
postal  service  for  these  States  was  conducted  under  the  authority 
delegated  to  the  United  States.  Sufficient  time  has  not  yet  elapsed 
to  determine  whether  the  measures,  heretofore  devised  by  Cono-ress, 
will  accomplish  the  end  of  bringing  the  expenditures  of  the  depart- 
ment within  the  limit  of  its  own  revenues  by  the  first  of  March  next 
as  required  by  the  Constitution.  ' 

I  am  happy  to  inform  you,  that  in  spite  both  of  blandishments  and 
threats,  used  in  profusion  by  the  agents  of  the  government  of  the 
United  States,  the  Indian  nations  within  the  Confederacy,  have  re- 
mained firm  in  their  loyalty  and  steadfast  in  the  observanc'e  of  their 
treaty  engagements  with  this  government.  Nor  has  their  fidelity 
been  shaken  by  the  fact  that,  owing  to  the  vacancies  in  some  of  the 
offices  of  Agents  and  Superintendents,  delay  has  occurred  in  the  pay- 
ments of  the  annuities  and  allowances  to  which  they  are  entitled.  I 
I  would  advise^  some  provision  authorizing  payments  to  be  made  by 
other  officers,  in  the  absence  of  those  specially  charged  by  law  with 
this  duty. 

We  have  never-ceasing  cause  to  be  grateful  for  the  fiivor  with  which 
(jod  has  protected  our   infant   Confederacy.     And   it   becomes    us 
reverently  to  return  our  thanks  and  humbly  to  ask  of  his  bounteous- 
ness  that  wisdom  which   is  needful  for  the  performance  of  the  hic^h 
trusts  with  which  we  are  charged.  ° 

JEFFERSON  DAVIS. 
Richmond,  August  loth,  18G2. 


<  . 


[Copy.] 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  C.  S., 

Near  Richmond,  Va., 

August  2,  18G2. 

To  the  General  Commanding  U.  S.  Army,  Washington  : 

General  :  In  obedience  to  tlic  order  of  his  Excellency,  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Confederate  States,  I  have  the  honor  to  make  to  you  the 
folloAving  communication : 

On  the  22d  of  July  last  a  cartel  for  a  general  exchange  of  prison- 
ers of  war  was  signed  by  Major  General  John  A.  Dix,  on  behalf  of 
the  United  States,  and  l»y  Major  General  D.  H.  Hill,  on  the  part  of 
this  Government.  By  the  terms  of  that  cartel  it  is  stipulated  that  all 
prisoners  of  w  ar  hereafter  taken,  shall  be  discharged  on  parole,  until 
exchanged. 

Scarcely  had  the  cartel  been  signed  when  the  military  authorities 
of  the  United  States  commenced  a  practice  changing  the  character  of 
the  -war,  from  such  as  becomes  civilized  nations,  into  a  campaign  of 
indiscriminate  robbery  and  murder. 

A  General  Order  issued  by  the  Secretary  of  War  of  the  United 
States  in  the  City  of  AVashington,  on  the  very  day  that  the  cartel  Avas 
signed  in  Virginia,  directs  the  military  commander  of  the  United 
States  to  take  the  property  of  our  people  for  the  convenience  and  use 
of  the  army,  without  compensation. 

A  General  Order  issued  by  Major  General  Pope,  on  the  23d  of  July 
last,  the  day  after  the  date  of  the  cartel,  directs  the  murder  of  our 
peaceful  citizens  as  spies,  if  found  quietly  tilling  their  farms  in  his 
rear,  even  outside  of  his  lines. 

And  one  of  his  Brigadier  Generals,  Steinwehr,  has  seized  innocent 
and  peaceful  inhabitants  to  be  held  as  hostages,  to  the  end  that  they 
may  be  murdered  in  cold  blood,  if  any  of  his  soldiers  are  killed  by 
some  unknown  persons,  whom  he  designated  as  ''bushwhackers." 

Some  of  the  military  authorities  of  the  United  States  seem  to  sup- 
pose that  their  end  will  be  better  attained  by  a  savage  war,  in  which 
no  (juarter  is  to  be  given  and  no  age  or  sex  to  be  spared,  than  by  such 
hostilities  as  are  alone  recognized  to  be  lawful  in  modern  times.  We 
find  ourselves  driven  by  o.-r  enemies,  by  steady  progress,  towards  a 
practice  which  we  abhor,  and  which  we  are  vainly  struggling  to  avoid. 

Under  these  circumstances  this  government  has  issued  the  accom- 
panying General  Order,  which  I  am  directed  by  the  President  to  trans- 
mit to  you,  recognizing  Major  General  Pope  and  his  commissioned 
officers  to  be  in  the  position' which  they  have  chosen  for  themselves, 
that  of  robbers  and  murderers,  and  not  that  of  public  enemies,  enti- 
tled, if  captured,  to  be  treated  as  prisoners  of  war. 


The  President  also  instructs  me  to  inform  you  that  we  renotince  our 
right  of  retaliation  on  the  innocent,  and  will  continue  to  treat  the 
private  enlisted  soldiers  of  General  Pope's  army  as  prisoners  of  war ; 
but  if,  after  notice  to  your  government  that  Ave  confine  repressive 
measures  to  the  punishment  of  commissioned  ofiicers,  who  are  willing 
participants  in  these  crimes,  the  savage  practices  threatened  in  the 
orders  alluded  to,  be  persisted  in,  we  shall  reluctantly  be  forced  to  the 
last  resort  of  accepting  the  war  on  the  terms  chosen  by  our  enemies, 
until  the  voice  of  an  outraged  humanity  shall  compel  a  respect  for  the 
recognized  usages  of  war.  While  the  President  considers  that  the 
facts  referred  to  would  justify  a  refusal  on  our  part  to  execute  the  car- 
tel, by  which  we  have  agreed  to  liberate  an  excess  of  prisoners  of  war 
in  our  hands,  a  sacred  regard  for  plighted  faith,  which  shrinks  from 
the  semblance  of  breaking  a  promise,  precludes  a  resort  to  such  an 
extremity.  Nor  is  it  his  desire  to  extend  to  any  other  forces  of  the 
United  States  the  punishment  merited  by  General  Pope  and  such  com- 
missioned officers  as  choose  to  participate  in  the  execution  of  his  in- 
famous orders. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  R.  E.  LEE, 

General  Command'mg. 


ADJUTANT  AND  INSrECTOR  GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 
Richmond,  August  1,  1862. 

GENERAL  ORDERS, 
No.  54. 

I.  The  following  Orders  arc  published  for  the  information  and  ob- 
servance of  all  concerned : 

II.  Whereas,  by  a  General  Order,  dated  the  22d  July  18G2,  issued 
by  the  Secretary  of  War  of  the  United  States,  under  the  order  of  the 
President  of  the  United  States,  the  military  commanders  of  that  go- 
vernment within  the  states  of  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Georgia, 
Florida,  Alabama,  Mississippi,  Louisiana,  Texas  and  Arkansas,  are 
directed  to  seize  and  use  any  property,  real  or  personal,  belonging  to 
the  inhabitants  of  this  Confederacy,  which  may  be  necessary  or  conve- 
nient for  their  several  commands,  and  no  provision  is  made  for  any 
compensation  to  the  owners  of  private  property  thus  seized  and  ap- 
propriated by  the  military  commanders  of  the  enemy  : 

III.  And  whereas,  by  General  Order  number  eleven,  issued  on  the 
23d  July  18G2,  by  Major  General  Pope,  commanding  the  forces  of 
the  enemy  in  Northern  Virginia,  it  is  ordered  that  all  *'  commanders 
of  army  corps,  divisions,  brigades  and  detached  commands,  will  pro- 
ceed immediately  to  arrest  all  disloyal  male  citizens  Avithin  their  lines 
or  within  their  reach,  in  rear  of  their  respective  commands.  Such  as 
are  willing  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  United  States,  and 
will  furnish  sufficient  security  for  its  observance,  shall  be  permittepl 
to  remain  at  their  homes,  and  pursue  in  good  faith  their  accustomed 
avocations.  Those  who  refuse,  shall  be  conducted  South,  beyond  the 
extreme  pickets  of  this  army,  and  be  notified  that  if  found  again  any 
where  Avithin  our  lines,  or  at  any  point  in  rear,  they  w^ill  be  consider- 
ed spies,  and  subjected  to  the  extreme  rigor  of  military  law.  If  any 
person  having  taken  the  oath  of  allegiance  as  above  specified,  be  found 
to  have  violated  it,  he  shall  be  shot,  and  his  property  seized  and  ap 
plied  to  the  public  use  :" 

IV.  And  whereas,  by  an  order  issued  on  the  1 3th  July  18G2,  by 
Brigadier  General  A.  Steinwehr,  Major  William  Steadman,  a  cavalry 
officer  of  his  brigade,  has  been  ordered  to  arrest  five  of  the  most  prom- 
inent citizens  of  Page  county,  Virginia,  to  be  held  as  liostages,  and 
to  suffer  death  in  the  event  of  any  of  the  soldiers  of  said  Steinwehr 
being  shot  by  "bushwhackers,"  by  which  term  are  meant  the  citizens 
of  this  Confederacy  who  have  taken  up  arms  to  defend  their  homes 
and  families  : 

V.  And  whereas  it  results  from  the  above  orders  that  some  of  the 
military  authorities  of  the  United  States,  not  content  with  the  unjust 
and  aggressive  warfare  hitherto  waged  with  savage  cruelty  against  an 
unoffending  people,  and  exasperated  by  the  failure  of  their  effort  to 
subjugate   them,  have   now   determined  to   violate  all   the  rules  and 


usages  of  war,  and  to  convert  the  hostilities  hitherto  waged  against 
armed  forces  into  a  campaign  of  robbery  and  murder  against  unarmed 
citizens  and  peaceful  tillers  of  the  soil : 

VI.  And  whereas  this  government,  bound  by  the  highest  obligations 
of  duty  to  its  citizens,  is  thus  driven  to  the  necessity  of  adopting  such 
just  measures  of  retribution  and  retaliation  as  shall  seem  adequate  to 
repress  and  punish  these  barbarities  ;  and  Avhereas  the  orders  above 
recited  have  only  been  published  and  made  known  to  this  government 
since  the  signature  of  a  cartel  for  exchange  of  prisoners  of  war,  which 
cartel,  in  so  far  as  it  provides  for  an  exchange  of  prisoners  hereafter 
captured,  would  never  have  been  signed  or  agreed  to  by  this  govern- 
ment, if  the  intention  to  change  the  war  into  a  system  of  indiscrimi- 
nate murder  and  robbery  had  been  made  known  to  it :  and  whereas  a 
just  regard  to  humanity  forbids  that  the  repression  of  crime  which  this 
government  is  thus  compelled  to  enforce  should  be  unnecessarily  ex- 
tended to  retaliation  on  the  enlisted  men  in  the  army  of  the  United 
States,  who  may  be  the  unwilling  instruments  of  the  savage  cruelty  of 
their  commanders,  so  long  as  there  is  hope  that  the  excesses  of  the  en- 
emy may  be  checked  or  prevented  by  retribution  on  the  commissioned 
oflBcers  who  have  the  power  to  avoid  guilty  action,  by  refusing  service 
under  a  government  which  seeks  their  aid  in  the  perpetration  of  such 
infamous  barbarities : 

YII.  Therefore,  it  is  ordered  that  Major  General  Pope,  Brigadier 
General  Steinwehr,  and  all  commissioned  officers  serving  under  their 
respective  commands,  be  and  they  are  hereby  expressly  and  specially 
declared  to  be  not  entitled  to  be  considered  as  soldiers,  and  therefore 
not  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  the  cartel  for  the  parole  of  future  prison- 
ers of  war.  Ordered  further,  that  in  the  event  of  the  capture  of  Ma- 
jor General  Pope,  or  Brigadier  General  Steinwehr,  or  of  any  commis- 
sioned officer  serving  under  them,  the  captive  so  taken  shall  be  held 
in  close  confinement  so  long  as  the  orders  aforesaid  shall  continue  in 
force  and  unrepealed  by  the  competent  military  authorities  of  the 
United  States  :  and  that  in  the  event  of  the  murder  of  any  unarmed 
citizen  or  inhabitant  of  this  Confederacy  by  virtue  or  under  pretext  of 
any  of  tlie  orders  hereinbefore  recited,  whether  with  or  without  trial, 
whether  under  pretence  of  such  citizen  being  a  spy  or  hostage,  or  any 
other  pretence,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Commanding  General  of  the 
forces  of  this  Confederacy  to  cause  immediately  to  be  hung,  out  of  the 
commissioned  officers,  prisoners  as  aforesaid,  a  number  equal  to  the 
number  of  our  own  citizens  thus  murdered  by  the  enemy. 
By  order. 

S.  COOPER, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

War  Departmknt, 
Richmond,  June  29,  18G2. 
(ioneral  R.  E.  Lee, 

Commanding  Departincnt  of  Xort/icrn   Virginki : 

General  :  "When  you  send  a  flag  of  truce  again  there  arc  two  mat- 
ters which  I  wish  to  bring  to  the  notice  of  the  general  in  command  of 
the  U,  S.  forces,  for  the  consideration  of  his  government. 

We  have  seen  in  the  North'^rn  papers  that  Mr.  Wm.  B.  Mumford, 
of  New  Orleans,  and  Colonel  Owens,  of  the  Missouri  State  Guard, 
have  been  executed  by  the  U.  S.  authorities,  Mr.  Mumford  for  having 
pulled  down  the  U.  S.  flag  in  New  Orleans,  and  Colonel  Owens  upon 
a  charge  of  bridge  burning  in  Missouri.  The  former  was  hung,  the 
latter  was  shot. 

We  arc  informed  that  Mr.  Mumford  pulled  the  flag  down  when  the 
enemy  were  not  yet  in  possession  of  the  city,  but  had  merely  anchor- 
ed their  vessels  before  it,  and  had  made  a  demand  for  a  surrender, 
which  had  not  been  complied  with. 

A  party  landed,  hoisted  the  flag,  and  retired.  The  city  was  not 
in  their  possession,  nor  subject  to  their  jurisdiction.  Under  such  cir- 
cumstances the  execution  of  Mr.  Mumford  was  the  murder  of  one  of 
our  citizens.  I  enclose  the  account  of  his  execution  from  the  New 
Orleans  Delta. 

We  are  informed  that  Colonel  Owens  was  shot  without  trial.  Such 
is  the  account  given  in  the  Missouri  papers,  as  you  will  perceive  from 
the  enclosed  slip,  containing  an  extract  from  the  Hannibal  Herald. 
He  was  a  duly  commissioned  officer  of  the  Second  Division  of  the 
Missouri  State  Guard. 

We  have  executed  private  individuals  for  burning  bridges,  and  per- 
sons in  military  service  for  coming  disguised  within  our  lines  to  de- 
stroy railroads,  but  we  have  given  them  fair  trials. 

If  Colonel  Owens  entered  the  enemy's  lines  in  disguise  and  burned 
bridges,  we  could  not  consistently  deny  their  right  to  try  and  punish 
him,  but  an  execution  without  trial  is  not  justifiable  under  any  cir- 
cumstances, and  if  he  acted  in  obedience  to  orders  and  without  enter- 
ing the  lines  of  the  enemy  in  disguise,  his  execution  is  a  palpable 
murder,  committed  by  a  U.  S.  officer. 

Supposing  Mr.  Mumford,  a  citizen  of  the  Confederate  States,  to 
have  been  executed  for  an  insult  lo  the  U.  S.  flag,  hoisted  in  a  city 
not  in  their  possession,  and  Colonel  Owens  to  have  been  executed 
without  trial,  we  deem  it  our  duty  to  call  on  the  authorities  of  theU. 
S.  for  a  statement  of  the  facts,  inasmuch  as  we  do  not  intend  to  per- 
mit outrages  of  that  character  to  be  perpetrated  without  retaliation. 
A^ery  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  GEO.  W.  RANDOLPH, 

Secretary  of  War. 


[Copy-] 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  C.  S., 

Near  Richmond,  Va., 

August  2,  1862. 
To  the  General  Commanding  U.  S.  Army^  Washington  : 

General:  On  the  29th  of  June  last,  I  was  instructed  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  War  to  enquire  of  Major-General  McClclhin,  as  to  the  truth 
of  alleged  murders  committed  on  our  citizens  by  officers  of  the  U.  S. 
Army.  The  cases  of  Wm.  B.  Mumford,  reported  to  have  been  mur- 
dered at  New  Orleans  by  order  of  Major-General  B.  F,  Butler,  and 
Colonel  John  Owens,  reported  to  have  been  murdered  in  Missouri,  by 
order  of  Major-General  Pope,  were  those  referred  to.  I  had  tlie  honor 
to  be  informed  by  Major-General  McClcllan  that  he  had  referred  these 
inquiries  to  his  Government  for  a  reply.  No  answer  has  as  yet  been 
received. 

The  President  of  the  Confederate  States  has  since  been  credibly 
informed  that  numerous  other  officers  of  the  Army  of  the  U,  S.  within 
the  Confederacy,  have  been  guilty  of  felonies  and  capital  offences 
which  are  punishable  by  all  laws  human  and  divine.  I  am  directed 
by  him  to  bring  to  your  notice  a  few  of  those  best  authenticated. 
Newspapers  received  from  the  United  States  announce  as  a  fact,  that 
Major-General  Hunter  has  armed  slaves  for  the  murder  of  their  mas- 
ters, and  has  thus  done  all  in  his  power  to  inaugurate  a  servile  war, 
which  is  worse  than  that  of  the  savage,  inasmuch  as  it  superadds  other 
horrors  to  the  indiscriminate  slaughter  of  all  ages,  sexes  and  condi- 
tions. 

Brigadier-General  Phelps  is  reported  to  have  initiated  at  New  Or- 
leans the  example  set  by  Major-General  Hunter  on  the  coast  of  South 
Carolina. 

Brigadier-General  G.  N.  Fitch  is  stated  in  the  same  journals  to  have 
murdered  in  cold  blood  two  peaceful  citizens  because  one  of  his  men 
while  invading  our  country,  was  killed  by  some  unknown  person  de- 
fending his  home. 

I  am  instructed  by  the  President  of  the  Confederate  States  to  repeat 
the  enquiry  relative  to  the  cases  of  Mumford  and  Owens,  and  to  ask 
whether  the  statements  in  relation  to  the  action  of  Generals  Hunter, 
Phelps  and  Fitch  are  admitted  to  be  true;  and  whether  the  conduct  of 
these  Generals  is  sanctioned  by  their  Government. 

I  am  further  directed  by  His  Excellency  the  President,  to  give 
notice  that  in  the  event  of  not  receiving  a  reply  to  these  enquiriea 
within  fifteen  days  from  the  delivery  of  this  letter,  that  it  will  be 
assumed  that  the  alleged  facts  are  true,  and  are  sanctioned  by  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States, 


12 

In  such  event,  on  that  Government  will  rest  the  responsibility  of 
the  retribution  or  retaliatory  measures  which  shall  be  adopted  to  put 
an  end  to  the  merciless  atrocities  which  now  characterize  the  war  waged 
against  the  Confederate  States. 

I  am,  most  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  R.  E.  LEE, 

General  Commmiding. 


(Copy.) 

HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  ARMY, 

Washington,  August  7,  1862. 
General  R.  E.  Lee, 
Commanding,  Sfc.  . 

General:  Your  letter  of  July  6tli  was  received  at  the  Adjutant 
General's  Office  on  the  14th,  but  supposing  from  its  endorsement  that 
it  required  no  further  reply,  it  was  filed  without  being  shown  to  the 
President  or  Secretary  of  AVar.  I  learned  to-day  for  the  first  time 
that  such  letter  had  been  received  and  hasten  to  reply. 

No  authentic  information  has  been  received  in  relation  to  the  exe- 
cution of  either  John  Owens  or Mumford,  but  measures  will 

be  immediately  taken  to  ascertain  the  facts  of  these  alleged  executions 
of  which  you  will  be  duly  informed. 

I  need  hardly  assure  you,  General,  that  so  far  as  the  United  States 
authorities  are  concerned,  this  contest  will  be  carried  on  in  strict  ac- 
cordance with  the  laws  and  usages  of  modern  warfare,  and  that  all 
excesses  will  be  duly  punished. 

In  regard  to  the  burning  of  bridges,  &c.,  within  our  lines  by  persons 
in  disguise  as  peaceful  citizens,  I  refer  you  to  my  letter  of  January 
22d  last  to  General  Price.  I  think  you  will  find  the  views  there  ex- 
pressed as  not  materially  differing  from  those  stated  in  your  letter. 

In  regard  to  retaliation  by  taking  the  lives  of  innocent  persons,  I 
know  of  no  modern  authority  which  justifies  it,  except  in  the  extreme 
case  of  a  war  Avith  an  uncivilized  foe  which  has  himself  established 
first  such  a  barbarous  rule.  The  United  States  will  never  countenance 
such  a  proceeding,  unless  forced  to  do  so  by  the  barbarous  conduct  of 
an  enemy  who  first  applies  such  a  rule  to  our  own  citizens. 
Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  H.  W,  HALLECK, 

General-in-Chief  U.  S.  Army. 


[Copy.] 

HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  ARMY, 

Washington,  August  9th,  1862, 

General  R.  E.  Lee. 

Commanding,  Ifc.  : 

General:   Your  two   communications  of  the  2d  inst.,   with  enclo- 
sures are  received.     As  these  papers  arc  couched  in  language  exceed- 
ingly  insulting  to  the   Government  of  the  United    States,   I  must 
respectfully  decline  to  receive  them.     They  are  herewith  returned. 
Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  II.  W.  IIALLECK, 

General-in-Chief  U.  S.  Army. 


REPORT  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  WAR. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

War  Department, 
Richmond,  August  12th,  1862. 

To  His  Excellency  Jefferson  Davis, 

President  of  the  Confederate  States. 

Sir  :  Although  it  is  not  customary  for  the  heads  of  departments  to 
make  reports  at  extra  sessions  of  Congress,  yet,  in  consideration  of 
recent  changes  in  the  organization  of  the  Army,  and  of  the  necessity 
for  further  legislation,  it  is  deemed  best  to  depart  from  this  usage  on 
the  present  occasion. 

It  became  apparent,  in  the  course  of  the  last  Spring,  to  all  ac- 
quainted with  the  condition  of  the  Army,  that  the  acts  of  Congress, 
providing  for  re-enlistments,  would  not  effect  the  desired  object.  The 
privilege  allowed  of  re-enlisting  for  different  corps,  and  even  for  dif- 
ferent arms  of  the  service,  coupled  with  the  love  of  change  always 
found  in  camps,  and  heightened  in  the  case  of  our  armies  by  the 
monotony  and  discomfort  of  winter  quarters,  caused  such  extensive 
changes,  that  the  re-enlistments  tended  to  the  disorganization  of  the 
Army. 

Large  numbers  of  our  men,  yearning  for  homo,  weary  of  the  dis- 
comfort of  camp  life,  and  deceived  by  the  apparent  inactivity  of  the 
enemy  into  the  belief  that  their  services  were  no  longer  necesary, 
declined  to  re-enlist  and  prepared  to  turn  over  the  burden  of  the  war 
to  those  who  had  as  yet  borne  no  part  of  it.  Efforts  to  procure  re- 
enlistments  and  the  expectation  of  change,  relaxed  the  discipline  of 
the  Army,  impaired  its  efficiency,  and  rendered  it  incapable  of  accom- 
plishing what  otherwise  might  have  been  achieved. 

While  our  armies  were  thus  passing  through  successive  stages  of 
disorganization  to  dissolution,  those  of  the  enemy  recruited  and  re-or- 
ganized, had  reached  a  high  state  of  efficiency,  and  were  ready  at  the 
opening  of  the  campaign  to  enter  upon  it,  with  every  guai-antee  of 
success  that  numbers,  discipline,  complete  organization  and  perfect 
equipments  could  afford. 

The  success  they  obtained  under  these  circumstances,  far  from  being 
a  matter  of  surprise,  were  necessary  consequences  of  the  relative  con- 
ditions of  the  armies,  and  it  is  truly  surprising  that  these  successes 
were  not  greater  and  more  complete. 

The  plan  of  voluntary  enlistment  having  failed  to  preserve  the  or- 
ganization, and  to  recruit  the  strength  of  our  armies  at  a  time  when 
the  safety  of  the  country  required  both  to  be  effected,  a  resort  to  draft 
or  conscription  was  the  only  alternative.     To  all  acquainted  with  the 


true  condition  of  things  there  could  be  no  ground  for  doubt.  In  a 
period  of  thirty  days  the  terms  of  service  of  one  hundred  and  forty- 
eight  regiments  expired.  There  was  good  reason  to  believe  that  a  large 
majority  of  the  men  had  not  re-enlisted,  and  of  those  who  had  re- 
enlisted,  a  very  large  majority  had  entered  corps  which  could  never 
be  assembled,  or  if  assembled,  could  not  be  prepared  for  the  field  in 
time  to  meet  the  invasion  actually  commenced. 

There  was,  therefore,  an  interval  of  disorganization  and  weakness 
impending,  and  the  enemy  had  already  entered  Virginia  with  an 
army,  now  known  to  have  had  more  than  double  the  numerical 
strength  of  our  own  and  superior  to  it  in  everything  but  courage  and 
a  goo<l  cause.  It  was  obvious  that  conscription  alone  could  save  us, 
and  it  could  hardly  be  supposed  that  a  Constituliou  adopted  in  the 
midst  of  war,  inhibited  the  only  possible  mode  of  rai'^ing  armies. 

Influenced  by  these  and  other  considerations,  Congress  adopted  the 
measure  popularly  known  as  the  Conscript  Act.  Four  months  have 
not  elapsed  since  its  passage  and  the  present  condition  of  the  army 
and  of  the  country  sufficiently  prove  its  wisdom.  Four  months  ago 
our  armies  were  retiring  weak  and  disorganized  before  the  overwhelm- 
ing force  of  the  enemy,  yielding  to  them  the  sea-coast,  the  mines, 
the  manufacturing  power,  the  grain  fields,  and  even  entire  States  of 
the  Confederacy.  Now  we  are  advancing  with  increased  numbers, 
improving  organization,  renewed  courage  and  the  prestige  of  victory, 
upon  an  enemy  defeated,  disheartened,  and  sheltering  himself  behind 
defensive  works  and  under  cover  of  his  gun-boats.  A  military  sys- 
tem which  has  done  so  much  in  so  short  a  time,  should  be  cherished 
and  perfected,  and  its  defects  speedily  corrected. 

Soon  after  the  passage  of  the  Conscript  Act,  the  department  pre- 
pared to  carry  it  out,  and  on  the  28th  of  April,  published  General 
Order  No.  30,  a  copy  of  which  is  herewith  returned,  prescribing 
regulations  for  the  enrolment,  mustering  in,  subsistence,  transporta- 
tion and  disposition  of  conscripts. 

It  was  determined  to  establish  one  or  more  permanent  camps  in 
each  State,  at  points  selected  with  reference  to  health  and  facilities 
for  subsistence  and  transportation.  Each  camp  ha:^  its  Commanding 
officer,  its  Drill  officers,  its  Commissary,  Quartermaster  and  Surgeon. 
The  conscripts  are  to  be  assembled,  drilled,  taken  through  the  camp 
diseases,  and  distributed  among  the  regiments  of  the  State  in  propor- 
tion to  their  respective  deficiencies. 

The  necessity  of  sending  them  immediately  into  the  field,  has  inter- 
fered with  this  plan  of  operations,  but  it  has  been  carried  out  as  far  as 
practicable,  and  during  any  period  of  comparative  inactivity  it  can  be 
fully  executed.  Recruits  thus  prepared  for  the  field,  will  be  little  in- 
ferior to  old  soldiers,  and  the  army  will  be  relieved  from  its  crowded 
hospitals  and  the  long  train  of  ineffectives  that  now  drags  in  its  rear. 

The  greatest  difficulty  encountered  in  the  execution  of  the  law,  has 
been  that  which  constitutes  the  chief  impediment  in  all  involuntary 
military  systems,  the  enrolment  of  recruits.  The  third  section  of  the 
Act  requires  the  enrolling  officers  of  the  State  to  be  used  with  the 
consent  of  the  respective  Governors,  and  it  is  only  on  failure  to  ob- 


17 

tain  such  consent,  that  the   President  is  authorized  to  employ  Con- 
federate officers. 

The  military  systems  of  many  of  the  States  are  fallen  into  such 
disuse,  that  there  are  either  no  enrolling  officers,  or  none  that  can  be 
relied  on.  So  far  the  experiment  of  using  State  officers  has  proved  a 
failure,  and  I  would  suggest  that  permission  be  given  to  resort  to 
other  measures  for  enrolling  recruits. 

This  may  be  done  either  by  the  appointment  of  a  certain  number  of 
enrolling  officers  for  each  Congressional  District,  or  by  giving  each 
corps  supernumerary  officers  to  act  as  enrolling  officers  for  the  corps. 
The  latter  plan  would  probably  give  more  activity  and  efficiency  to 
enrolments  than  the  former,  as  the  enrolling  officers  would  be  under 
military  control,  and  if  inefficient,  might  be  ordered  back  to  their 
regiments  and  be  substituted  by  others. 

The  4th  and  13th  sections  of  the  act  require  all  conscripts  and  vol- 
unteers to  enter  companies  in  existence  at  the  passage  of  the  act,  thua 
cutting  off  recruits  for  companies  mustered  into  service  after  that 
time.  The  object  of  t^is  restriction  was  apparent,  the  new  companies 
then  forming  were  allowed  thirty  days  to  complete  their  organi?;ation, 
and  had  the  advantage  over  companies  in  the  field  in  recruiting.  It 
was  supposed  necessary,  therefore,  to  restore  equality  by  giving  the 
conscripts  and  volunteers  after  thirty  days  to  the  old  companies. 

The  effect  will  be,  that  many  fine  regiments  brought  into  service- 
since  the  passage  of  the  act  will  go  down  for  the  want  of  recruits.     I 
think  it  will  be  well  to  permit  conscripts  to  be  assigned  and  volunteers^ 
to  enter  all  companies  in  service. 

It  is  true  that  the  number  of  regiments  is  already  too  great,  and 
that  it  is  impossible  to  keep  them  all  up.  This  may  have  been  a 
motive  for  restricting  recruits  to  old  regiments  and  permitting  the' 
others  gradually  to  decline.  But  it  will  be  better  to  discriminate  in 
the  reduction  of  the  number  of  regiments,  and  to  consolidate  such  as 
become  too  weak  to  be  recruited.  The  power  of  consolidating  regi- 
ments, battalions,  and  companies,  is  so  essential  that  our  armies  can-- 
not  be  maintained  in  a  tolerable  state  of  efficiency  without  its  exercise. 
The  Department  has  been  compelled  to  disband  corps  because  useless 
from  loss  of  men  or  other  cause,  but  as  the  law  now  stands,  this  can 
only  be  done  by  discharging  the  entire  corps  and  enrolling  the  men, 
within  the  conscript  age  for  service  in  other  companies. 

Two  inconveniences  attend  this  mode  of  proceeding:  First;,  all  the 
men  over  thirty-five  and  under  eighteen  are  lost,  even  though  they 
have  enlisted  for  the  war.  Secondly,  it  is  doubtful  whether  conscripts 
can  be  enrolled  out  of  their  own  States,  an<l  a  company,  therefore, 
cannot  be  disbanded  out  of  the  State  in  which  it  was  raised  without 
Ijsing  the  whole  company. 

I  suggest,  therefore,  that  whenever  a  corps  1»ccomes  so  much  reduced 
as  to  be  unfit  for  service,  and  there  is  no  reasonable  expectation  of 
recruiting  it,  the  President  be  authorized  to  disband  it,  to  put  the 
officers  out  of  commissio.i  and  to  transfer  the  non-commissioned  officers 
and  privates  to  other  corps  from  the  same  State.  It  may  be  objected 
that  this  violates  the  contract  of  enlistment  whieh  is  for  service  in 
'9. 


18 

the  company  selected  by  the  volunteer,  and  thus  the  Government,  in 
accepting  the  volunteer,  impliedly  engages  to  keep  him  in  the  com- 
pany of  his  choice.  I  think  that  the  engagement  of  the  Government 
is  fulfilled  by  retaining  the  volunteer  in  his  company  so  long  as  it  is 
fit  for  service,  but  that  there  is  no  implied  promise  to  discharge  him 
when  his  company  ciin  be  no  longer  preserved.  Such  a  promise  ^YOuld 
be  a  premium  to  inefficiency.  A  company  anxious  to  leave  the  service 
would  secure  its  object  by  rendering  itself  unfit  to  remain. 

I  also  further  recommend  that  power  be  given  to  enrol  conscripts 
wherever  they  may  bo  found.  Military  service  is  a  debt  due  to  the 
Confederacy,  and  the  power  of  exacting  it  should  not  depend  on  the 
axjcident  of  place.  Conscription  may  be  altogether  avoided  by  large 
numbers  of  men,  if  merely  crossing  a  line  exonerates  them  from  it. 
The  practice  of  employing  substitutes  at  pleasure,  supposed  to  be 
authorized  by  the  9th  section  of  the  Conscript  Act,  has  led  to  great 
abuses.  The  procuration  of  substitutes  has  become  a  regular  business. 
Men  thus  obtained  are  usually  unfit  for  service  and  frequently  desert. 
The  Department  has  restricted  the  practice  by  prohibiting  the  recep- 
tion of  unnaturalized  foreigners  as  substitutes,  but  the  evils  of  the 
system  are  still  very  great,  and  further  restrictions  are  necessary. 

It  would  be  well  to  authorize  substitution  only  where  the  services  of 
the  principal  are  equally  useful  to  the  public,  at  home  as  in  the  field. 
Such  is  the  case  with  experts  in  trades  necessary  for  the  prosecution 
of  the  war,  with  overseers  in  districts  of  country  having  icw  whites 
and  large  numbers  of  slaves,  and  generally  in  such  callings  as  arc 
essential  to  the  public  welfare.  It  is  unwise  to  injure  the  public  ser- 
vice for  the  benefit  of  individuals,  and  therefore  no  substitution 
founded  merely  on  considerations  of  private  interest  should  be  tole- 
rated. 

In  this  connection  I  desire  to  call  attention  to  what  seems  to  be  an 
omission  in  the  Exemption  Act.  Millers,  tanners  and  saltmakers  are 
essential  to  the  prosecution  of  the  war.  Without  them  armies  can 
neither  be  subsisted  or  properly  clad.  They  are  equally  essential  to 
the  community  at  large,  and  the  restriction  of  such  callings  to  per- 
sons under  eighteen  and  over  thirty-five  years  of  age  inflict  injury 
upon  the  army  and  upon  the  people,  I  recommend,  therefore,  that 
they  be  included  in  the  Exemption  Act. 

The  greatest  defect  in  our  present  system  is  to  l)e  found  in  the  rule 
of  promotion  established  by  the  IDth  section  of  the  Conscript  Act, 
and  by  the  Acts  of  the  l*rovisional  Congress,  approved  December  1  Ith, 
18G1,  and  January  22d,  1862.  They  rc(iuirc  promotion  to  be  by 
seniority.  To  this  rule  no  valid  objection  could  be  made  if  provision 
were  made  for  exceptional  cases  in  which  it  becomes  impracticable.  In 
long  cstablislicd  armies,  seniority  implies  experience,  and  the  rule  is 
applied  to  individuals  who,  by  previous  examination  or  other  test, 
have  been  found  qualified  for  their  position.  In  our  armies  there  is 
little  or  no  difference  in  the  experience  of  our  officers,  and  no  test  is 
applied  to  ascertain  their  moral  or  intellectual  fitness  for  a  commission. 
As  the  act  provides  that  commissions  shall  be  granted  by  the  Presi- 
dent, it  was  supposed  that  this  was  intended  as  a  safeguard  against 
the  admission  of  unqualified  persons  to  important  public  trusts. 


19 

Accordingly,  by  General  Order  No.  39,  a  copy  of  which  is  here- 
with returned.  Boards  of  Enquiry  were  directed  to  be  summoned  in 
all  cases  of  promotion  or  election  where  the  fitness  of  the  claimant 
was  doubtful.  This,  however,  only  keeps  out  unfit  persons,  but 
makes  no  provision  for  filling  vacancies  in  case  there  be  no  unfit  per- 
son in  the  corps,  or  in  case  all  entitled  to  promotion  decline  it.  Such 
cases  occur  and  they  contribute  an  element  of  disorganization  and  in- 
efficiency in  the  army. 

I  earnestly  recommend,  therefore,  that  in  all  cases  where  election 
or  promotion  by  seniority  fails  to  fill  a  A'acancy  with  a  qualified  officer, 
such  vacancy  may  be  filled  by  appointment.  It  may  be  objected  tliat 
this  increases  executive  patronage,  and,  by  the  intervention  of  examin- 
ing boards,  that  promotion  by  seniority  and  by  election  may  be  cut 
off.  If  the  increase  of  executive  patronage  be  necessary  to  remove  a 
great  evil,  its  possible  abuse  is  a  poor  argument  against  such  increase. 
It  is  unwise  to  prefer  certain  evils  to  contingent  abuses.  Practically, 
it  has  been  found  difficult  to  get  the  examining  boards  to  be  rigid 
enough  ;  they  are  too  apt  from  indolence  or  good  nature  to  scrutinize 
slightly  the  qualifications  of  brother  officers,  and  would  prove  to  be 
very  unfit  instruments  for  executive  usurpation. 

In  this  connection  another  serious  difficulty  in  filling  vacancies  will 
be  mentioned.  It  is  generally  supposed  that  the  rule  prescribed  in 
the  10th  section  of  the  Conscript  Act  applies  only  to  corps  organized 
under  that  act;  that  the  rule  prescribed  in  the  act  approved  December 
11th,  1861,  applies  only  to  re-organizations  of  re-enlisted  corps,  very 
very  few  of  which  re-organizations  actually  took  place,  and  that  the 
act  approved  January  22d,  1862,  applies  only  to  troops  raised  under 
an  act  approved  May  8th,  1861.  But  troops  were  authorized  to  be 
raised  by  acts  approved  May  1  Ith,  1861,  and  August  8th,  1861,  and 
questions  arise  as  to  what  act  troops  come  under,  and  what  rule  of 
promotion  is  provided  for  corps  which  come  in  under  the  act  last  men- 
tioned. It  is  said  that  troops  mustered  directly  into  the  Confederate 
States  service  receive  their  laws  of  promotion  from  Congress,  and  that 
those  raised  by  the  Governors  of  States,  under  requisition  on  them 
by  the  President,  are  governed  by  the  laws  of  their  respective  States. 
It  is  maintained  that  the  latter  class  are  militia,  and  that,  under  the 
Constitution,  Congress  cannot  provide  for  filling  vacancies  occurring 
in  the  militia. 

Great  confusion,  uncertainty  and  inequality  result  from  this  state  of 
things,  and  it  is  very  important  that  a  uniform  rule  sliould  be  applied 
to  all.  I  know  of  no  better  rule  than  that  already  adopted,  prr)vi(ling 
the  power  of  appointment  be  given  as  recommended,  and  there  be  no 
constitutional  impediments  to  its  general  application.  A  difficulty 
arises  from  the  act  authorizing  the  appointment  of  general  officers 
which  should  be  removed.  The  6th  section  of  the  act  approved 
March  6th,  1861,  authorizes  the  President  to  organize  Brigades 
and  Divisions  and  to  appoint  c<''mmanding  officers  for  them,  who  are  to 
hold  office  only  while  such  Brigades  and  Divisions  are  in  service.  If 
the  casualties  of  service  destroy  a  Brigade  or  a  Division  the  commis- 
sion of  the  General  expires,  and  if  separated  from  his  command  by 


20 

ill  health,  wounds,  or  detached  service,  it  is  left  without  a  head,  there 
being  no  authority  to  appoint  a  successor  without  vacating  th«  com- 
mission of  the  first  appointee. 

The  army  moreover  requires  the  service  of  Generals  not  attached  to 
Brigades  and  Divisions.  There  arc  certain  duties  which  can  be  better 
performed  b}'  general  oOicers  than  by  officers  of  lower  grade,  but  the 
merit  requisite  for  the  discharge  of  these  duties  secures  promotion  in 
the  line,  and  officers  of  the  line  are  therefore  unwilling  to  surrender 
their  positions  for  staff  appointments.  Brigades  and  Divisions  are 
sometimes  temporarily  deprived  of  their  commanders  by  the  casualties 
of  service,  and  it  is  desirable  to  assign  general  officers  to  such  com- 
mands. It  will  be  well,  therefore,  to  increase  the  number  of  general 
officers  to  a  definite  excess  above  the  whole  number,  not  exceeding  8- 
or  10  per  cent  for  the  purposes  above  mentioned. 

Congress,  at  its  last  session,  authorized  the  appointment  of  eighty 
artillery  officers  for  ordnance  duties,  the  addition  of  fifty  engineers 
to  the  provisional  corps,  and  the  organization  of  a  signal  corps,  and 
a  nitre  corps. 

All  of  these  acts  have  been  carried  into  execution.  Eighty  artil- 
lery officers  for  ordnance  duty  have  been  appointed  and  their  duties 
prescribed  and  systematized.  General  Orders  No.  24  and  46,  here- 
with returned,  require  that  every  army  corps  shall  have  an  ordnance 
officer  with  the  rank  of  major,  every  division  one  with  the  rank  of 
captain,  every  brigade  one  with  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant,  and  every 
regiment  an  ordnance  sergeant.  These  form  a  corps  under  the  Chief 
of  Ordnance  at  Richmond,  to  whom  they  are  required  to  report.  Their 
services  are  important  for  the  proper  distributionr  and  preservation  of 
arms.  Ordnance  officers  arc  also  required  for  arsenals.  For  the  pro- 
per, discharge  of  ordnance  duties  at  arsenals,  and  in  the  field  it  will 
require  a  corps  of  at  least  one  hundred  and  fifty. 

I  recommend,  therefore,  that  application  be  made  for  the  enlarge- 
ment of  the  corps  to  that  number,  and  that  a  limited  number  be  au- 
thorized with  the  grade  of  major  for  service  with  army  corps. 

Most  of  the  additional  engineers  have  been  appointed  and  the  corps 
has  done  good  service.  The  present  law  permits  no  higher  grade 
than  that  of  captain,  while  the  other  corps  of  the  provisional  army 
are  organized  in  conformity  with  corresponding  corps  in  the  Confed- 
erate States  army.  This  discrimination  is  unjust  and  impolitic.  If 
men  of  talent  and  acquirement  are  needed  in  this  corps,  promotion 
should  be  ofiered  equal  to  that  attainable  in  other  branches  of  the 
service. 

Engineering  talent  is  of  a  hifjh  order  of  endowment,  and  should  be 
stimulated  by  proper  rewards.  I  recommend,  therefore,  that  the 
grade  of  the  Provisional  Engineer  Corps  should  be  made  to  conform 
to  those  of  the  same  corps  in  the  Confederate  States  army. 

A  Signal  Corps  has  been  organized  by  General  Order  No.  40,  a 
copy  of  which  is  herewith  returned.  For  the  purpose  of  systematic 
instruction,  a  confidential  pamphlet  has  been  prepared  by  a  member 
of  the  corps  and  printed  with  due  precautions  to  avoid  publicity. 
Should  it,  however,  fall  into  the  enemy's  hands,  no  great  harm  would 


"be  done,  as  it  contains  the  principles  of  the  art  merely,  and  doss  not 
disclose  the  key  to  any  signal  or  cipher. 

A  Nitre  Bureau  has  also  been  organized,  and  under  its  able  and  in- 
defatigable head  Major  J.  M.  St.  John,  is  doing  good  service.  General 
Order  No.  41,  herewith  comumnicated,  was  issued  to  fxcilitate  the 
operations  of  the  Bureau.  The  production  of  Nitre  is  already  one 
thousand  pounds  a  day,  and  there  is  good  reason  to  think  that  it  will 
reach  three  thousand  pounds  a  day  and  supply  our  consumption. 

A  map  of  a  rcconnoisance,  and  Major  St.  John's  report,  are  here- 
with returned.  The  Bureau  has  been  directed  to  turn  its  attention  to 
the  mining  of  such  materials  as  are  required  for  the  army,  and  will 
do  much  to  develop  their  production. 

The  Act  authorizing  bands  of  Bartizan  Rangers  has  been  carried 
into  execution.  Apprehending  that  the  novelty  of  the  organization, 
and  the  supposed  freedom  from  control,  would  attract  great  numbers 
into  the  Bartizan  Corps,  the  department  adopted  a  rule  requiring  a  re- 
commendation from  a  General  commanding  a  department,  before 
•  granting  authority  to  raise  partizans.  Notwithstanding  this  re- 
striction, there  is  reason  to  fear  that  the  number  of  Bartizan  'Corps 
greatly  exceed  the  requirements  of  the  service,  and  that  they  serious- 
ly impede  recruiting  for  regiments  of  the  line. 

The  precaution  has  been  taken  to  require  their  organization  to  con- 
form in  all  respects  to  that  of  other  troops,  and  it  Avill  be  only  neces- 
sary to  brigade  such  of  them  as  are  not  needed  for  partizan  service, 
to  make  them  in  fact,  troops  of  the  line,  although  nominally  partizans. 
I  recommend  that  this  be  authorized. 

Since  the  adjournment  of  Congress,  our  stock  of  arms  has  been 
largely  increased  by  importation  and  capture.  Our  small  arms  alone, 
have  increased  from  these  sources  not  less  than  eighty  thousand.  Our 
supply  of  ammunition  has  also  been  increased  by  importation  and 
manufacture,  an.d  as  already  stated,  we  may  expect  at  no  distant  day 
that  the  active  and  methodical  operations  of  the  Nitre  Corps  will  sup- 
ply our  demand  and  make  us  independent  of  foreign  importation. 

I  deem  it  unnecessary  to  say  anything  of  the  operations  of  the 
army  since  the  adjournment  of  Congress.  The  time  has  not  arrived 
for  their  complete  disclosure,  but  enough  has  appeared  to  show  the 
ability  of  our  Generals  and  the  courage  and  patience  of  our  troops. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  we  cannot  reward  such  services  as  the 
army  has  rendered,  they  are  infinitely  above  all  compensation,  but 
something  may  be  done  to  show  our  appreciation  of  tiiem.  Courage 
and  skill  cannot  always  command  promotion.  Happily  for  us,  they 
far  exceed  our  means  of  reward,  if  confined  to  mere  material  benefits. 
It  would,  however,  be  doing  our  high-toned  soldiers  great  injustice  to 
suppose  that  rank  and  pay  are  their  only  incentives  to  exertion.  I 
think  that  medals  conferred  as  rewards  for  good  conduct  in  the  field, 
cultivate  the  spirit  which  di'^^tinguishes  the  patriot  soldier  from  the 
mercenary,  and  afford  means  of  reward  without  injuring  the  army  by 
excessive  promotion. 

I  recommend,  therefore,  that  application  be  made  for  authority  to 
confer  medals  upon  such  officers  and  men  as  distinguish  themselves  in 
battle. 


22 

A  right  to  control  the  operations  of  our  Railroads  to  some  extent, 
is  necessai-y  to  insure  quick  and  safe  transportation,  and  to  maintain 
the  roads  in  a  proper  state  of  efficiency.  The  regular  transportation 
of  tlie  roads  is  so  much  deranged  by  the  movements  of  troops  and 
munitions  of  war,  that  a  common  head  during  the  war  is  indispensable, 
I  recommend  that  application  be  for  authority  to  exercise  such  control 
a,"?  may  be  necessary  to  harmonize  tlio  operations  of  the  roads,  and  to 
maintain  their  efficiency,  and  to  appoint  a  Superintendent,  who  shall 
be  charged  with  the  supervision  of  Railroad  transportation. 
Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

GEO.  W.  RANDOLPH, 

Secretary  of  War. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Office, 
Richmond,  April  28,  1862. 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  30.  5 

I.  The  following  acts  having  passed  both  Houses  of  Congress,  were 
duly  approved  by  the  President,  and  are  now  published  for  the  infor- 
mation of  the  army : 

An  Act  to  Organize  Bands  of  Partizan  Rangers. 

Sec.  1.  The  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America  do  enact y 
That  the  President  be  and  he  is  hereby  authorized  to  commission  such 
officers  as  he  may  deem  proper,  with  authority  to  form  bands  of  Par- 
tizan Rangers-,  in  companies,  battalions  or  regiments,  cither  as  infantry 
or  cavalry,  the  companies,  battalions  or  regiments  to  be  composed, 
each,  of  such  numbers  as  the  President  may  approve. 

Sec  2.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  such  Eartizan  Rangers,  after 
being  regularly  received  into  the  service,  shall  be  entitled  to  the  same 
pay,  rations  and  quarters,  during  their  term  of  service,  and  be  subject 
to  the  same  regulations  as  other  soldiers. 

Sec.  3.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  for  any  arms  and  munitions  of 
war  captured  from  the  enemy  by  any  body  of  Partizan  Rangers,  and 
delivered  to  any  quartermaster  at  such  place  or  places  as  may  be 
designated  by  a  Commanding  General,  the  Rangers  shall  be  paid  their 
full  value,  in  such  manner  as  the  Secretary  of  War  may  prescribe. 

Approved  April  21,  1862. 

An  Act  to  further  provide  for  the  Public  Defence. 

In  view"  of  the  exigencies  of  the  country,  and  the  absolute  necessity 
of  keeping  in  the  service  our  gallant  army,  and  of  placing  in  the  field 
a  large  additional  force  to  meet  the  advancing  columns  of  the  enemy 
now  invading  our  soil :  Therefore, 

Sec  1.  The  Congress  of  the  Confcder.de  States  of  America  do  enact, 
That  the  President  be  and  he  is  hereby  authorized  to  call  out  and 
place  in  the  military  service  of  the  Confederate  States,  for  three  years, 
unless  the  war  shall  have  been  sooner  ended,  all  white  men  who  are 
residents  of  the  Confederate  States,  between  the  ages  of  eighteen  and 
thirty-five  years  at  the  time  the  call  or  calls  may  be  made,  who  are 
legally  exempted  from  military  service.  All  of  the  persons  aforesaid 
who  are  now  in  the  armies  of  the  Confederacy,  and  whose  term  of 
service  Avill  expire  before  the  end  of  the  war.  shall  be  continued  in  the 
service  for  three  years  from  the  date  of  their  original  enlistment,. 


24 

unless  the  war  shall  have  been  sooner  ended :  Pj-ovidcd,  however,  That 
all  such  companies,  squadrons,  battalions  and  regiments,  ■whose  term 
of  original  enlistment  was  for  twelve  months,  shall  have  the  right, 
within  forty  days,  en  a  day  to  be  fixed  by  the  commander  of  the  bri- 
gade, to  reorganize  said  companies,  battalions  and  regiments,  by 
electing  all  their  officers  which  they  had  a  right  heretofore  to  elect, 
who  shall  be  commissioned  by  the  President:  Provided  furt/ur,  That 
furloughs  not  exceeding  sixty  days,  with  transportation  home  and 
back,  shall  be  granted  to  all  those  retained  in  the  service  by  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act,  beyond  the  period  of  their  original  enlistment,  and 
who  have  not  heretofore  received  furloughs  under  the  provisions  of  an 
act  entitled  "  An  Act  providing  for  the  granting  of  bounty  and  fur- 
loughs to  privates  and  non-commissioned  officers  in  the  Provisional 
Army,"  approved  11th  December,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty  one  ; 
said  furloughs  to  be  granted  at  such  times  and  in  such  numbers  as  the 
Secretary  of  War  may  deem  most  compatible  Avith  the  public  interest: 
And  provided  further,  That  in  lieu  of  a  furlough,  the  commutation 
value  in  money  of  the  transportation  herein  above  granted,  shall  be 
paid  to  each  private,  musician  or  non-commissioned  officer  who  may 
elect  to  receive  it,  at  such  time  as  the  furlough  would  otherwise  be 
granted :  Provided  further.  That  all  persons  under  the  age  of  eighteen 
years  or  over  the  age  of  thirty-five  years,  who  are  now  enrolled  in  the 
military  service  of  the  Confederate  States,  in  the  regiments,  squad- 
rons, battalions  and  cdmpanies  hereafter  to  be  reorganized,  shall  be 
required  to  remain  in  their  respective  companies,  squadrons,  battalions 
and  regiments  for  ninety  days,  unless  their  places  can  be  sooner  sup- 
plied by  other  recruits  not  now  in  the  service,  who  are  between  the 
ages  of  eighteen  and  thirty-five  years  :  and  all  laws  and  parts  of  laws 
providing  for  the  re-enlistment  of  volunteers  and  the  organization 
thereof  into  companies,  squadrons,  battalions  or  regiments,  shall  be 
and  the  same  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  2.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  such  companies,  squadrons,  bat- 
talions or  regiments  organized,  or  in  process  of  organization  by 
authority  from  the  Secretary  of  War,  as  may  be  within  thirty  days 
from  the  passage  of  this  act,  so  far  completed  as  to  have  the  whole 
number  of  men  requisite  for  organization  actually  enrolled,  not  cra- 
Tsracing  in  said  organization  any  persons  now  in  service,  shall  be 
mustered  into  the  service  of  the  Confederate  States  as  part  of  the 
land  forces  of  the  same;  to  be  received  in  that  arm  of  the  service  in 
which  they  are  authorized  to  organize;  and  shall  elect  their  company, 
battalion  and  regimental  officers. 

Sec.  3.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  for  tlie  enrollment  of  all  persons 
■comprehended  within  the  provisions  of  this  act,  who  arc  not  ah-eady 
in  service  in  the  armies  of  the  Confederate  States,  it  shall  be  lawful 
for  the  President,  with  the  consent  of  the  governors  of  the  respective 
States,  to  employ  State  officers;  and  on  failure  to  obtain  such  consent, 
he  shall  employ  Confederate  officers,  charged  with  the  duty  of  making 
Buch  enrollment  in  accordance  with  rules  and  regulations  to  be  pres- 
cribed by  him. 

Sec.  4.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  persons  enrolled  under  the  pro- 


25 

visions  of  the  preceding  section,  shall  be  assigned  by  the  Secretary  of 
War  to  the  diflerent  companies  now  in  service,  until  each  company  is 
filled  to  its  maximum  number,  and  the  persons  so  enrolled  shall  be 
assigned  to  companies  from  th-e  States  from  -which  they  respectively 
come. 

Sec.  5.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  all  seamen  and  ordinary  seamen 
in  the  land  forces  of  the  Confederate  States,  enrolled  under  the  pro- 
visions of  tliis  act,  may,  on  application  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
be  transferred  from  the  land  forces  to  the  naval  service. 

Sec,  6.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  in  all  cases  where  a  State  may 
not  have  in  the  army  a  number  of  regiments,  battalions,  squadrons  or 
companies  sufficient  to  absorb  the  number  of  persons  subject  to  mili- 
tary service  under  this  act,  belonging  to  such  State,  then  the  residue 
or  excess  thereof  shall  be  kept  as  a  reserve,  under  such  regulations  as 
may  be  established  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  that  at  stated  periods 
of  not  greater  than  three  months,  details,  determined  by  lot,  shall  be 
made  from  said  reserve,  so  that  each  company  shall,  as  nearly  as 
practicable,  be  kept  full :  Provided,  That  the  persons  held  in  reserve 
may  remain  at  home  until  called  into  service  by  the  President :  Pro- 
vided also,  That  during  their  stay  at  home,  they  shall  not  receive  pay  : 
Provided  further.  That  the  persons  comprehended  in  this  act  shall  not 
be  subject  to  the  Rules  and  Articles  of  War  until  mustered  into  the 
actual  service  of  the  Confederate  States ;  except  that  said  persons, 
when  enrolled  and  liable  to  duty,  if  they  shall  wilfully  refuse  to  obey 
said  call,  each  of  them  shall  be  held  to  be  a  deserter,  and  punished  as 
such,  under  said  articles :  Provided  further.  That  whenever,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  President,  the  exigencies  of  the  public  service  may 
require  it,  he  shall  be  authorized  to  call  into  actual  service  the  entire 
reserve,  or  so  much  as  may  be  necessary,  not  previously  assigned  to 
different  companies  in  service  under  provision  of  section  four  of  this 
act.  Said  reserve  shall  be  organized  under  such  rules  as  the  Secre- 
tary of  War  may  adopt :  Provided,  The  company,  battalion  and  regi- 
mental officers  shall  be  elected  by  the  troops  composing  the  same : 
Provided,  The  troops  raised  in  any  one  State  shall  not  be  combined  in 
regimental,  battalion,  squadron  or  company  organization  with  troops 
raised  in  any  other  States, 

Sf.c,  7.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  all  soldiers  now  serving  in  the 
army  or  mustered  in  the  military  service  of  the  Confederate  States,  or 
enrolled  in  said  service  under  the  authorizations  heretofore  issued  by 
the  Secretary  of  War,  and  who  are  continued  in  the  service  by  virtue 
of  this  act,  who  have  not  received  the  bounty  of  fifty  dollars  allowed 
by  existing  laws,  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  said  bounty. 

Sec  8,  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  each  man  who  may  hereafter  bo 
mustered  into  the  service,  and  who  shall  arm  himself  with  a  musket, 
shot-gun,  rifle  or  carbine,  accepted  as  an  efficient  weapon,  shall  be  paid 
the  value  thereof,  to  be  ascertained  by  the  mustering  officer,  under  such 
regulations  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  if  he  is 
willing  to  sell  the  same;  and  if  he  is  not,  then  he  shall  be  entitled  to 
receive  one  dollar  a  month  for  the  use  of  said  received  and  approved 
musket,  rifle,  shot-gun  or  carbine. 


26 

Sec.  9.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  persons  not  liable  for  duty  may 
be  received  as  substitutes  for  those  who  are,  under  such  regulations 
as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sec,  10.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  all  vacancies  shall  be  filled  by 
the  President  from  the  company,  battalion,  squadron  or  regiment  in 
Avhich  such  vacancies  shall  occur,  by  promotion  according  to  seniority, 
except  in  cases  of  disability  or  other  incompetency  :  pi-ovided,  however, 
that  the  I'resident  may,  -when  in  his  opinion  it  may  be  proper,  fill  such 
vacancy  or  vacancies  by  the  promotion  of  any  officer  or  officers,  or 
private  or  privates  from  such  company,  battalion,  squadron  or  regi- 
ment who  shall  have  been  distinguished  in  the  service  by  exhibition 
of  valor  and  skill,  and  that  whenever  a  vacancy  shall  occur  in  the 
lowest  grade  of  the  commissioned  officers  of  a  company,  said  vacancy 
shall  be  filled  by  election  :  provided,  that  all  appointments  made  by  the 
President  shall  be  by  and  with  the  advice  and   consent  of  the  Senate. 

Sec.  II.  Be  it  further  eyiacled,  That  the  provisions  of  the  first  section 
of  this  act  relating  to  the  election  of  officers,  shall  apply  to  those  reg- 
iments, battalions,  and  squadrons  which  are  composed  of  twelve  months 
and  war  companies  combined  in  the  same  organization,  without  regard 
to  the  manner  in  v.hich  the  officers  thereof  were  originally  appointed. 

Sec.  12.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  each  company  of  infantry  shall 
consist  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five,  rank  and  file ;  each  company 
of  field  artillery  of  one  hundred  and  fifty,  rank  and  file ;  and  each 
of  cavalry,  of  eighty,  rank  and  file. 

Sec.  <3.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  all  persons  subject  to  enroll- 
ment, who  are  not  now  in  the  service,  under  the  provisions  of  this 
act,  shall  be  permitted,  previous  to  such  enrollment,  to  volunteer  in 
companies  now  in  the  service.     [Approved  April  16th,  1862.] 

II.     Enrollment  and  Disposition  of  Recruits. 

1.  An  officer  not  below  the  rank  of  Major,  will  be  detailed  for  each 
State,  to  take  charge  of  the  enrollment,  mustering  in,  subsistence, 
transportation  and  disposition  of  the  Recruits  raised  under  the  above 
act. 

2.  Application  Avill  be  made  immediately  to  the  Governors  of  the 
several  States,  for  permission  to  employ  State  officers  for  said  enroll- 
ment ;  and  in  case  such  ])ermission  be  not  granted,  officers  of  the  army 
will  be  selected  by  the  Department  to  perform  that  duty,  under  such 
regulations  as  may  be  prescribed.  Where  State  officers  are  employed, 
the  regulations  of  the  respective  States  in  regard  to  military  enroll- 
ment, will  be  observed  as  far  as  applicable. 

3.  The  enrolled  men  in  each  State  will  be  collected  in  camps  of  in- 
struction, by  the  officers  in  command  of  tlie  Recruits,  the  said  camps 
to  be  selected  with  reference  to  health,  and  the  facilities  for  obtaining 
subsistence  and  transportation.  The  number  of  these  camps  shall  not 
exceed  two  in  each  State,  without  authority  from  the  Department;  and 
to  each  will  be  allowed  a  Quartermaster  and  a  Commissary. 

4.  The  commandants  of  the  camps  of  instruction  in  the  several 
States  will  call  upon  the  Generals   commanding  the  military  depart- 


27 

ments  in  which  their  camps  may  be  situated,  for  competent  drill  officers 
to  instruct  the  recruits,  and  will  prepare  them  for  the  field  as  rapidly 
as  possible.  They  will  cause  them  to  be  promptly  vaccinated;  and  in 
ordering  them  to  the  field,  will,  as  far  as  practicable,  prefer  those  who 
have  passed  through  the  usual  camp  diseases.  They  will  establish 
hospitals  in  connection  with  their  camps,  and  make  requisition  for  such 
medical  attendance  and  stores  as  may  be  required. 

5.  The  commandants  of  regiments,  battalions,  squadrons  and  unat- 
tached companies  in  service  on  the  16th  instant,  will  send  copies  of 
their  muster  rolls  to  the  commandant  of  the  proper  camp  of  instruction 
in  their  respective  States,  with  officers  to  take  charge  of  such  recruits 
as  may  be  furnished  to  said  corps.  The  said  commandants  will  appor- 
tion the  recruits  among  such  corps,  in  proportion  to  the  deficiency  of 
each,  except  when  otherwise  specially  directed  by  the  Department, 
allotting  as  far  as  practicable  to  each  such  corps  the  men  fiom  the 
regions  of  country  in  which  it  has  been  raised.  They  will  from  time 
to  time  send  off  such  bodies  of  recruits  as  are  ready  for  the  field,  and 
will  report  on  the  first  Monday  of  every  month  to  the  Department,  the 
number  of  recruits  in  camp,  their  condition,  the  number  sent  oil"  during 
the  month,  and  the  regiments  and  corps  to  which  they  were  sent. 

6.  The  commandants  of  regiments  and  corps  will  distribute  the  re- 
cruits among  their  several  companies;  and  in  such  as  have  not -the 
number  of  companies  allowed  by  law  to  a  regiment,  the  said  command- 
ants may  organize  tho  required  number  of  new  companies,  after  first 
filling  up  the  existing  companies  to  the  minimum  numbers  required  by 
law ;  that  is  to  say,  for  each  company  of  infantry,  G4  privates  ;  of 
cavalry,  60  privates;  of  artillery,  70  privates. 

7.  The  recruits  will  be  apportioned  among  the  several  arms  of  ser- 
vice, according  to  their  respective  wants,  consulting  as  far  as  practica- 
ble, the  preference  of  the  men.  Where  a  greater  number  offer  for  a 
particular  arm  than  can  be  assigned  to  it,  the  distribution  will  be 
determined  by  lot ;  but  recruits  for  the  cavalry  will  only  be  taken  from 
those  who  furnish  their  own  horses. 

III.     Volunteers  for  Existing  Corps. 

8.  Persons  liable  to  military  service  under  the  above  act,  not  in 
service  on  the  16th  of  April,  and  wishing  to  volunteer  in  any  partic- 
ular company  in  tne  Confederate  service  on  the  16th  day  of  April, 
may  report  tberaselves  prior  to  their  enrollment,  at  a  camp  of  instruc- 
tion within  their  respective  States,  where  they  will  be  enrolled,  pre- 
pared for  the  field,  and  sent  to  the  said  company,  until  the  s  me  shall 
be  filled  up. 

9.  Recruiting  officers  may  be  detailed,  with  the  permission  of  the 
Generals  commanding  military  departments,  by  the  commandants  of 
regiments  and  corps,  and  sent  to  their  respective  States  ff»r  the  purpose 
of  receiving  for  such'regiments  and  corps,  in  conformity  Avith  recruiting 
regulations  heretofore  adopted  (<ieneral  Orders,  No.  6),  all  volunteers 
desiring  to  join  them.  Such  volunteers  may  be  assembled  at  the  camps 
of  instruction  in  their  respective  States,  prepared  for  the  field,  and  sent 


28 

to  their  respective  regiments  and  corps,  until  the  same  shall  be  filled 
up ;  or,  if  ready  for  the  field,  may  be  ordered  directly  to  their  corps 
by  the  officer  so  recruiting  them. 

IV. — Volunteer  Coups  heretofoue  authorizep. 

10.  Persons  liable  to  military  service  under  this  act,  and  not  in  ser- 
vice on  the  IGth  day  of  April,  may,  until  the  I7th  day  of  May  next, 
volunteer  in  corps  heretofore  authorized  to  be  raised  by  the  Secretary 
of  War,  or  by  the  Executive  of  any  State,  as  part  of  the  quota  there- 
of, in  pursuance  of  a  call  made  upon  such  State  by  the  President. 
Persons  authorized  to  raise  such  corps,  Avho  may  not  on  that  day  have 
the  necessnry  number  of  men  enrolled  and  mustered  into  service,  ac- 
cording to  the  terms  of  their  authority,  -will  proceed  with  their  men  to 
a  camp  of  instruction  in  their  respective  States,  and  will  deliver  their 
muster  rolls  to  the  commandant  thereof. 

11.  The  commandants  of  such  corps  as  are  completed  on  or  before 
the  17th  day  of  May,  and  not  otherwise  ordered,  will  report  to  the 
commandants  of  the  recruits  of  their  respective  States,  and  with  their 
corps  Avill  be  placed  by  him  in  a  camp  of  instruction,  and  reported 
immediately  to  the  Department.  Such  corps  will  be  under  the  com- 
maftd  of  the  commandants  of  recruits  in  their  respective  States,  and 
will  be  prepared  for  the  field  in  like  manner  with  the  recruits,  until 
removed  from  the  camp.  They  will  only  be  moved  under  orders  from 
the  Department,  from  the  Commanding  General  of  the  army,  or  in 
urgent  cases,  from  the  Commanding  General  of  the  military  depart- 
ment in  which  the  camps  may  be  situated ;  and  in  such  cases,  report 
will  immediately  be  made  to  the  Department  by  the  officer  in  command 
of  the  camp. 

V. — Additional  Corps.     Guerilla  Service. 

12.  Under  the  prohibition  of  this  act  against  the  organization  of 
new  corps,  no  further  authority  for  that  purpose  can  be  given,  except 
that  specially  provided  for  in  the  act  of  Congress,  entitled  "  an  act  to 
organize  bands  of  Partizan  Rangers."  For  this  latter  purpose,  ap- 
plications must  be  made  through  the  Commanding  Generals  of  the 
military  departments  in  which  the  said  corps  arc  to  be  employed. 

VI. — Reorganization  of  Twelve  Months  Corps. 

13.  All  regiments,  battalions,  squadrons  and  companies  of  12 
months  volunteers  Avill  reorganize  within  10  days  from  the  16th  of 
April,  by  electing  all  their  officers  which  they  had  a  right  heretofore 
to  elect,  and  on  such  days  as  the  brigade  commander  may  prescribe ; 
and  the  said  brigade  commanders  are  hereby  ordered  to  fix  and  an- 
nounce the  day  for  such  reorganization  as  soon  as  practicable.  No 
person  Avho  is  to  be  discharged  under  the  provisions  of  the  act,  will 
take  part  in  such  election. 


29 

14.  The  form  of  holding  and  certifying  the  elecdons  Avill  be  in  con- 
formity with  the  laAvs  of  the  State  from  which  the  men,  or  the  major 
part  thereof,  may  come;  and  when  the  election  of  field  officers  is  tohe 
made  by  company  officers,  the  latter  will  be  first  elected.  All  certifi- 
cates of  election  will  be  returned  to  the  Adjutant  General's  office,  and 
the  officers  will  be  commissioned  by  the  President.  They  will,  how- 
ever, on  receiving  a  copy  of  the  certificate  of  election,  immediately 
enter  upon  duty.  Officers  not  re-elected  will  be  relieved  from  duty, 
and  the  brigade  commander  will  return  their  names  to  the  Depart- 
ment. 

VII. — Corps  raisf.d  for  Local  Defence. 

15.  Corps  raised  for  local  defence  will  retain  their  organization 
during  the  term  of  such  enlistment,  unless  previously  disbanded ;  but 
members  of  such  corps  may  volunteer  into  corps  for  general  service, 
as  herein  above  provided. 

VIII. — Discharges. 

16.  When  any  company  now  in  service  for  12  months  shall,  before 
the  16th  diay  of  July  next,  attain  the  maximum  numbers  prescribed 
by  this  act,  without  including  the  men  under  18  and  over  35  years  of 
age,  all  such  men  may  be  discharged,  and  such  of  them  as  remain  in 
service  on  the  said  day  Avill,  upon  their  application,  be  then  discharged, 
whether  such  maximum  be  attained  or  not. 

•^  IX. — Transfers. 

17.  The  right  to  change  company  or  corps  in  virtue  of  re-enlist- 
ment, ceases  to  exist  by  the  repeal  of  all  laws  in  regard  to  re-enlist- 
ment ;  but  transfers  of  individuals  or  of  companies  may  be  made,  aa 
heretofore,  within  the  discretion  of  the  Department,  on  applications 
approved  by  commanding  officers. 

X.— 'Substitutes. 

18.  When  any  person  liable  to  military  duty  under  this  act,  but  not 
yet  mustered  into  service  in  any  company,  desires  to  furnish  a  substi- 
tute, he  sliall  report  himself  with  the  substitute  to  tbe  commandant  of 
a  camp  of  instruction;  and  if  the  substitute  be  lawfull}'^  exempt  from 
military  duty,  and  on  examination  by  a  Surgeon  or  Assistant  Surgeon, 
be  pronounced  sound  and  in  all  respects  fit  for  military  service,  he 
may  be  accepted  and  enrolled ;  and  the  person  furnishing  such  pubsti- 
tute  may  be  discharged  by  the  commandant  of  the  camp.  But  no 
substitute  shall  be  entitled  to  trant^portation  or  other  allowance  at  the 
expense  of  the  Government,  until  so  accepted  and  enrolled. 


30 

XI. — Exemptions. 

19.  rcrsons  clainiing  exemption  from  military  duty  under  this  act, 
shall  be  required  by  the  enrolling  officer  to  make  oath  that  they  are 
lawfully  exempt,  and  shall  be  furnished  by  him  Avith  a  certificate  of 
such  exemption. 

By  command  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

S.  COOPER, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General. 


I 


i^ 


WAR  DErARTMENT, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Office, 
Ridimond,  May  26,  18G2. 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  39.  S 

I.  The  second  paragraph  of  General  Orders,  No.  36,  is  hereby  re- 
voked, and  the  following  substituted  therefor  :  When  an  officer  elected 
or  promoted  in  the  provisional  army  by  reason  of  seniority,  is  by  law 
to  be  commissioned  by  the  President,  and  there  is  reasonable  ground 
to  doubt  his  qualification  or  fitness  for  the  commission,  his  brigade 
commander,  if  there  be  one,  or  if  not,  then  his  division  commander  will 
assemble  a  board  of  not  less  than  three  commissioned  officers  of  equal 
or  superior  rank  to  the  officer  elected  or  promoted,  who  shall  enquire 
into  his  qualifications  and  fitness  for  the  commission,  and  shall  report 
to  this  office,  for  the  information  of  the  War  Department,  tbe  facts  of 
the  case,  and  their  own  opinion  of  the  qualification  and  fitness  of  the 
officer.  This  order  will  apply  to  all  persons  not  yet  commissioned  or 
recognized  as  in  commission  by  the  Department. 

II.  The  limits  of  Department  No.  1,  under  command  of  Major  Gen- 
eral Lovcll,  will  hereafter  embrace  that  portion  of  the  State  of  Mis- 
sissippi south  of  the  33d  parallel  and  west  of  Pascagoula  and  Chicka- 
sawha  rivers,  including  also  tliat  part  of  the  State  of  Louisiana  east 
of  the  Mississippi  river. 

III.  Department  No.  2,  under  command  of  General  Beauregard,  is 
extended  south  to  the  33d  parallel  east  of  the  Tennessee  river,  and 
extending  on  that  parallel  to  the  eastern  boundary  of  Alabama 

IV.  The  boundary  of  the  Trans-Mississippi  Department  will  em- 
brace the  States  of  Missouri  and  Arkansas,  including  the  Indian 
Territory,  the  State  of  Louisiana  west  of  the  Mississippi,  and  the 
State  of  Texas. 

V.  Frequent  complaints  having  been  made  of  injury  to  fencing  and 
to  the  grounds  on  or  near  which  troops  have  encamped,  attention  is 
called  to  the  983d  paragraph  of  the  Army  Regulations,  which  requires 
the  Commanding  Officer  and  Quarter  Master  to  make  an  inspection  of 
buildings  occupied  as  barracks,  quarters,  or  lands  occupied  for  encamp- 
ments, when  they  are  vacated,  and  a  report  to  l)e  made  to  the  Quarter 
Master  General  of  their  condition,  and  of  any  injury  to  them  by  the 
use  of  the  troops. 

This  regulation  will  be  strictly  enforced;  and  in  case  of  injury  not 
reported  by  the  Commanding  Officer  and  Quarter  Master,  they  will  be 
charged  on  their  pay  account  of  the  troops  with  the  damage  done.  If 
report  be  made,  it  must  specify  by  whom  the  injury  was  inflicted,  and 
the  deduction,  in  such  case,  will  be  made  from  the  pay  of  the  offend- 
ing party. 


YI.  Hereafter  Brigadier  Generals  will  have  timely  requisitions 
made  for  all  blanks  issued  from  this  office,  in  order  that  they  may  be 
forwarded  for  early  distributicn. 

By  command  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

S.  COOPER, 
Adjutant  and  In.fpcctor  General. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Office, 
Richmond,  April  16,  1862. 

GENERAL  ORDERS, 
No.  24. 

I.  All  officers  assigned  to  ordnance  duty  with  troops  in  the  field, 
will  be  reported  to  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General  of  the  Army, 
and  will  report  by  letter  to  the  Chief  of  the  Ordnance  Bureau  in 
Richmond. 

II.  Every  General  in  command  of  an  Army  Corps  will,  if  no  officer 
is  assigned  to  his  Army  for  the  purpose,  designate  an  officer  for  ord- 
nance duty,  as  *'  Chief  of  Ordnance"  of  that  Army,  Avho  shall,  while 
on  such  duty,  if  of  inferior  grade  in  the  Confederate  Army,  be  en- 
titled to  the  rank  and  pay  of  a  Major  of  Artillei-y. 

III.  Every  Major  General  in  command  of  a  division,  or  Brigadier 
General,  whose  brigade  constitutes  a  separate  command,  willy  under 
like  circumstances,  designate  an  officer  for  ordnance  duty,  as  *'  Divi- 
sion Ordnance  Officer"  (or  "Brigade  Ordnance  Officer,"  if  the  brig- 
ade constitutes  a  separate  command,)  who  shall,  if  a  subaltern  in  the 
Confederate  Army,  have  the  rank  and  pay  of  a  Captain  of  Artillery. 

IV.  Officers  so  appointed  shall  be  selected  on  account  of  fitness  for 
ordnance  duties,  and  shall  be  considered  as  attached  to  the  Ordnance 
Bureau,  and  will  not  be  changed,  except  by  authority  obtained  from 
the  Head  Quarters  of  the  Army,  through  the  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Ordnance. 

V.  Every  commanding  officer  of  a  Regiment  will  select  from  the 
non-commissioned  officers  of  the  Regiment  the  one  best  qualified  for 
the  duty  of  Ordnance  Sergeant,  and  will  appoint  him  Acting  Ordnance 
Sergeant.  Such  non-commissioned  officer  Avill  have  charge  of  aJl  the 
surplus  Ordnance  Stores  of  the  Regiment,  and  will  make  returns  of  the 
same  to  the  Ordnance  Bureau.  The  arms  and  accoutrements  of  the 
sick  and  disabled  of  the  Regiment  will  be  turned  over  to  and  be  ac- 
count :d  for  by  him.  He  will  exercise  supervision  over  the  arms  and 
ammunition  in  the  hands  of  the  men,  and  report  any  waste  or  damage 
to  the  Division  Ordnance  officer,  through  the  Colonel  of  the  Regiment. 
All  such  appointments  will  be  reported  through  the  General  Head 
Quarters,  to  the  Chief  of  the  Ordnance  Bureau. 

VI.  The  "Chief  of  Ordnance"  of  an  Army,  will  require  reports 
monthly,  or  oftcncr,  from  "  Division  Ordnance  Officers,"  and  will  bo 
responsible  for  the  supply  of  Ordnance  and  Ordnance  Stores  with  the 
Army  to  which  he  is  attached. 

VII.  The  Division  Ordnance  Officers  will  make  reports  monthly,  or 
oftener,  if  required,  to  the  "Chief  of  Otdnance "  of  the   Army   to 

3 


34 

which  the  division  belongs.  They  -will  be  responsible  for  all  Ordnance 
Stores  -^Nith  the  division — not  in  the  hands  of  the  troops — and  make 
returns  thereof  to  the  Bureau  of  Ordnance. 

VIII.  Chiefs  of  Ordnance  of  Armies  and  all  Ordnance  Officers  in 
the  field  are  attached  to  the  staffs  of  their  respective  commands,  but 
Tvill  nevertheless  conform  to  such  orders  and  instructions  received 
from  the  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  C)rdnance  in  relation  to  the  execu- 
tion of  their  appropriate  duties  as  do  not  interfere  with  the  orders  of 
the  commanding  officers  in  the  field. 

IX.  It  is  especially  enjoined  on  all  Officers  of  Ordnance  to  prevent 
waste  of  small  arms  and  field  ammunition  in  the  hands  of  troops,  and 
to  cause  unserviceable  ammunition  to  be  sent  off  to  the  nearest  Ord- 
nance Depot.  Arms,  accoutrements  and  equipments  which  cannot  be 
repaired  in  the  field,  will  in  like  manner  be  forwarded  for  immediate 
repairs. 

X.  Ordnance  Officers  serving  on  the  staff  of  Generals  commanding, 
will  not  enter  into  contracts  for,  or  purchase  Ordnance  Supplies,  ex- 
cept in  case  of  necessity,  on  the  authority  of  the  General;  which 
must  be  attached  to  the  contract,  or  account  for  such  purchase.  The 
exigency  requiring  the  contract  or  purchase,  wnll  also  be  stated  therein. 

By  command  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

S.  COOPER, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 

Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Office, 
Richmond,  July  1,  1862. 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 

No.  46.  S 

I.  The  following  Regulations  are  published  for  the  information  of 
the  Army: 

1,  Paragraph  III,  General  Orders  No.  24,  current  series,  is  so 
modified  as  to  permit  the  appointment  of  Brigade  Ordnance  Oflicers, 
vrho  shall  have  the  rank  and  pay  of  First  Lieutenants  of  Artillery. 

2,  Brigade  Ordnance  Officers  so  appointed  will  be  subject  to  the  Di- 
vision Ordnance  Officers,  so  far  as  relates  to  ordnance  duties,  and  will 
make  requisitions  on  them.  They  will  also  make  such  reports  as  may 
be  required,  to  the  Division  Ordnance  Officers. 

3.  Ordnance  Sergeants  of  Regiments  will  be  subject  to,  and  make 
reports  to  the  Brigade  Ordnance  Officers. 

4.  Since  the  Act  of  April  19,  1862,  providing  an  Ordnance  Sergeant 
to  each  Regiment,  the  acting  appointees,  authorized  under  General 
Orders  No.  24,  current  scries,  and  made  by  Colonels  of  Regiments, 
will  be  reported  for  appointment  under  the  above  act,  in  cases  where 
such  report  has  not  been  made  to  the  Ordnance  Bureau.  Hereafter 
the  appointments  will  be  made  to  Regiments  as  to  Military  Posts,  by 
the  Secretary  of  War,  and  upon  'the  recommendation  of  Colonels  of 
Regiments,  through  the  Ordnance  Bureau,  the  non-commissioned  offi- 
cers recommended  being  at  once  placed  upon  duty  in  anticipation  of 
the  appointment. 

II.  Paragraph  IV,  Generals  Orders  No.  44,  current  series,  is  hereby 
rescinded,  and  the  following  paragraph  is  substituted  in  lieu  thereof: 

Persons  under  18  and  over  35  years  of  age,  who  have  re-eulistcd 
for  three  years  or  the  war,  are  not  entitled  to  their  discharge  under 
the  Conscript  Act,  Persons  of  the  ages  above  mentioned,  who  en- 
listed for  twelve  months,  or  for  a  shorter  term,  will  be  entitled  to  their 
discharge  ninety  days  after  the  expiration  of  their  term  of  service. 

III.  All  Chaplains  taken  prisoners  of  war  by  the  Armies  of  the 
Confederate  States,  while  engaged  in  the  discharge  of  their  proper 
duties,  will  be  immediately  and  unconditionally  released. 

By  command  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

S.  COOPER. 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  Gcjieral. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Office, 
Richmond,  May  31,  1862. 

GENERAL  ORDERS, 

No.  41. 

I.  General  officers  and  officers  in  command  of  departments,  districts 
and  separate  posts,  will  make  a  detail  of  men  from  their  commands  to 
work  the  Nitre  Caves,  -Rhich  may  be  situated  -Nvithin  the  limits  of  their 
respective  commands.  These  details  will  be  made  on  the  requisition 
of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  Nitre  Bureau  in  the  War  Department. 
The  men  thus  detailed  will  be  organized  temporarily  under  the  com- 
mand of  the  Nitre  officer  in  charge  of  the  particular  cave,  who  will 
make  monthly  reports  to  the  general  or  other  officer  commanding  the 
department,  district  or  post  in  which  the  cave  may  be  located,  in  order 
that  such  commanding  officer  may  treat  as  deserters  such  of  the  detailed 
men  as  may  leave  the  works  without  permission.  And  it  is  enjoined 
upon  Generals  and  other  commanding  officers  to  give  protection,  as 
far  as  possible,  and  to  the  extent  of  their  means,  against  any  encroach- 
ments of  the  enemy  upon  the  Nitre  Caves  within  the  limits  of  their 
commands. 

II.  All  persons  in  the  employment  of  the  Nitre  Bureau,  whether 
contractors  for  manufacturing  saltpetre,  or  laborers  in  their  employ- 
ment, are  exempt  by  law  from  enrollment. 

III.  Officers  of  the  Quartermaster  and  Commissary  Departments  will 
furnish  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Nitre  Bureau  with  provision  and 
forage  as  in  the  case  of  ordnance  officers  and  men  in  the  field. 

IV.  Officers  of  the  Nitre  Bureau  are  authorized  to  impress  free 
negroes  for  the  purpose  of  working  the  Nitre  Caves,  who  will  be  paid 
wages  and  be  furnished  with  subsistence. 

V.  Paragraph  No.  161,  General  Regulations  of  the  Army,  relating 
to  Discharges  in  Hospital,  is  so  far  modified  as  to  dispense  with  the 
necessity  of  sending  certificates  of  disability  in  the  case  of  soldiers 
sick  in  the  hospitals  in  Richmond,  to  the  commandants  of  regiments, 
where  communication  witli  them  is  difficult  and  the  cases  urgent.  In 
all  such  cases,  the  certificates  will  be  sent  to  ]kigadier-General  John 
H.  Winder,  commanding  the  Department  of  Henrico,  who  will  grant 
the  Discharge,  and  notify  the  same  to  the  Regimental  Commander, 
who  will  cause  the  final  statements  in  each  case  of  discharge  to  be  made 
out  and  sent  to  the  officer  granting  the  discharge,  for  the  benefit  of 
the  discharged  soldier. 

VI.  The  following  is  published  for  the  information  of  all  concerned : 
The  act  No.  52,   approved   March   6,  1861,   section    19,  provides, 

"  that  there  shall  be  allowed,  in  addition  to  the  pay  herein  before  pro- 
vided, to  every  commissioned  officer,  except  the  Surgeon  General,  nine 


37 

dollars  per  month  for  every  five  years'  service ;  and  to  the  officers  of 
the  army  of  the  United  States,  who  have  resigned,  or  may  resign,  to 
be  received  into  the  service  of  the  Confederate  States,  this  additional 
pay  shall  be  allowed  from  the  date  of  their  entrance  into  the  former 
service." 

The  foregoing  act  applies  to  all  officers  of  the  United  States  army, 
who  have  resigned  from  that  army,  to  be  received  into   the  service  of 
the  Confederate  States,  Avhethcr  in  the  regular  or  provisional  army. 
By  command  of  tlie  Secretary  of  War. 

S.  COOPER, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General, 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Office, 
Richmond,  May  29,  1862. 


GENERAL  ORDERS, 

No.  40. 


I.  The  following  Act  of  Congress  and  Regulations  in  reference 
thereto,  are  published  for  the  information  of  the  Army,  viz : 

An  Act  to  organize  a  Signal  Corps. 

Sec.  1 .  The  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America  do  enact, 
That  the  President  be  and  is  hereby  authorized,  by  and  -with  the  ad- 
vice and  consent  of  the  Senate,  to  appoint  ten  officers  in  the  Provi- 
sional Army,  of  a  grade  not  exceeding  that  of  Captains,  and  -syith  the 
pay  of  corresponding  grades  of  infantry,  who  shall  perform  the  duties 
of  signal  officers  of  the  army.  And  the  President  is  hereby  author- 
ized to  appoint  ten  Sergeants  of  Infantry  in  the  Provisional  Army, 
and  to  assign  them  to  duty  as  Signal  Sergeants.  The  signal  corps 
above  authorized  may  be  organized  as  a  separate  corps,  or  may  be  at- 
tached to  the  department  of  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General,  or 
to  the  Engineer  Corps,  as  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  direct. 

[Approved  April  19,  1862.] 

II.  The  Signal  Corps  authorized  by  this  act  will  be  attached  to  the 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  department;  and  officers  of  that  de- 
partment may  be  instructed  in  and  assigned  to  signal  duty. 

III.  A  signal  officer  will  be  attached  to  the  staff  of  each  General 
or  Major  General  in  command  of  a  corps,  and  of  each  Major  General 
in  command  of  a  division.  These  signal  officers  will  each  be  assisted 
by  as  many  Signal  Sergeants,  and  instructed  non-commissioned  officers 
and  privates,  selected  from  the  ranks  for  their  intelligence  and  relia- 
bility, as  circumstances  may  require  ;  and  as  many  Lance  Sergeants 
as  are  required  may  be  appointed.  Such  non-commissioned  officers 
and  privates  may  be  detailed  for  this  duty  by  the  Generals  in  whose 
command  tliey  are  serving.  Before  being  instructed,  they  will  each 
be  required  by  the  signal  officer  to  take  an  oath  not  to  divulge,  directly 
or  indirectly,  the  system  of  signals,  the  alphabet,  or  any  official  mes- 
sage sent  or  received  thereby.  Non-commissioned  officers,  while  on 
signal  duty,  and  privates  on  this  duty,  will  receive  40  cents  per  day 
extra  pay. 

IV.  Commissioned  officers  of  the  Signal  Corps,  or  officers  serving 
on  signal  duty,  will  be  entitled  to  the  forage  and  allowance  of  officers 
of  similar  rank  in  the  cavalry.     Non-commissioned  officers  and  pri- 


39 

vates  on  signal  duty  will  be  mounted  by  the  Quartermaster,  on  the 
order  of  the  Commanding  General. 

y.  Requisitions  for  flags,  torches,  glasses,  and  all  the  material  re- 
quired, will  be  made  on  the  Quartermaster's  department,  or  they  may 
be  purchased  by  the  Quartermaster  of  any  division,  on  the  order  of 
the  Major  General  commanding. 

VI.  On  the  order  of  the  General  commanding  a  corps,  other  oflBcers, 
non-commissioned  officers  or  privates  than  those  regularly  on  signal 
duty,  may  be  instructed  in  the  system  of  signals,  after  having  taken 
the  oath  prescribed  above.  Wherever  it  is  practicable,  it  is  specially 
recommended  to  all  general  officers  to  have  their  Assistant  Adjutant 
Generals  and  Aid  de  Camps  instructed. 

VII.  Whatever  is  prescribed  herein  for  a  division,  or  for  a  Major 
General,  will  be  observed  in  the  case  of  each  brigade  which  constitutes 
a  separate  command. 

VIII.  All  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers  accepting  appoint- 
ments to  the  Signal  Corps,  will  forward  with  their  acceptances  the 
oath  prescribed  above,  sworn  to  before  a  magistrate,  notary  public,  or 
commissioned  officer  of  the  corps. 

IX.  Qiiarterly  returns  of  signal  property  will  be  made  by  all  of- 
ficers having  it  in  charge,  to  the  Quartermaster's  department,  and  the 
senior  signal  officer  of  each  separate  army  in  the  field  will  report 
quarterly. ^to  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General  the  number  and  or- 
ganization of  the  Signal  Corps  of  the  Army,  and  its  general  opera- 
tions during  the  previous  quarter. 

X.  It  will  be  the  duty  of  the  signal  officer  of  every  division  in  the 
field  to  instruct  the  Adjutant  of  each  regiment  in  the  division  in  the 
system  of  signals  in  use  in  the  army. 

By  command  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

S.  COOPER, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General. 


POSTOFFICE  DEPARTMENT, 

Richmond,  August  18,  1862. 

Sir  :  At  the  opening  of  the  List  session  of  Congress,  I  made  a  very 
full  report  of  the  operations  of  the  Postoffice  Department,  The  short 
time  A^hich  has  elapsed  since  the  making  of  that  report  does  not  fur- 
nish data  on  Avhich  an  extended  report  need  now  be  made.  I  shall, 
therefore,  limit  this  report  to  such  matters  as  have  since  arisen,  and 
upon  which  information  may  be  desired. 

The  surrender  of  New  Orleans  and  Memphis,  and  the  occupation  of 
the  Mississippi  River  by  the  Federal  forces,  have  very  seriously  inter- 
rupted the  regularity  and  usefulness  of  the  mails  along  that  river,  and 
in  the  States  of  Arkansas,  Louisiana  and  Texas  ;  and  this,  with  the 
occupation  by  the  Federal  forces  of  the  greater  portion  of  the  State  of 
Tennessee,  and  other  localities,  must  have  greatly  reduced  the  reve- 
nues of  the  Department— though  sufficient  time  has  not  elapsed  to 
enable  the  auditor  to  receive  the  returns  and  report  the  amount  of 
decrease  of  revenue  growing  out  of  these  causes. 

After  the  fall  of  New  Orleans,  and  before  the  Mississippi  River 
was  occupied  at  and  below  Memphis,  anticipating  the  embarrassments 
likely  to  arise  from  the  occupation  of  that  river  by  the  enemy,  I  pre- 
pared and  forwarded  full  and  detailed  instructions  to  D.  P.  Blair, 
Hugh  Francis  and  J.  E.  Talbot,  special  agents  of  this  Department, 
requiring  them,  in  case  the  river  should  be  so  occupied,  to  ascertain 
the  best  routes  and  means  of  conveying  the  mails  across  the  river  and 
swamps,  and  empowered  them  to  employ  messengers  to  carry  the  mails 
by  any  routes  and  by  any  modes  of  conveyance  which  could  be  made 
available.  And  they  were  instructed  to  devote  their  personal  atten- 
tion to  these  duties.  Special  Agent  Blair  has  performed  his  duties 
with  great  activity  and  efficiency. 

The  overflow  of  the  railroads  leading  westward  from  Memphis  and 
Vicksburg,  which  were  the  great  arteries  through  which  the  mails  for 
Arkansas  and  Northern  Louisiana,  and  a  large  portion  of  Texas  are 
supplied,  had  produced  serious  delays  and  difficulties  in  the  way  of  a 
regular  transmission  of  the  mails  prior  to  the  occupation  of  those 
points  by  the  enemy.  The  river  bottoms  remained  overflowed  for  some 
time  subsequent  to  the  occupation  of  the  main  points  upon  the  river, 
and  aided  in  rendering  the  postal  communication  slow  and  uncertain. 

The  postal  communication  across  the  Mississippi  River  is  somewhat 
improved  and  more  reliable  ;  though  it  cannot  become  satisfactory  until 
we  regain  control  of  that  river. 

New  lines  of  communication  have  been  established  across  the 
swampy  and  sparsely  settled  country  bordering  on  the  Mississippi, 
through  which  even  the  minor  local  mails  have  not  heretofore  been 
carried,  (the  offices  having  been  supplied  chiefly  by  the  river  route 
from  New  Orleans ;)  and  the  condition  of  the  new  routes  and  unccr- 


tainty  of  securing  a  safe  passage  across  the  river,  have  added  greatly 
to  the  difficulties  which  the  Department  is  required  to. overcome. 

The  proposals  for  contracts  for  mail  service  in  Arkansas,  Texas  and 
Louisiana  (together  with  other  States)  for  four  years  from  the  first  of 
July  last,  were  required  by  the  terms  of  the  advertisement,  to  be 
decided  by  the  31st  May,  1862;  and  anticipating  difficulty  in  giving 
to  the  successful  bidders  timely  notice  t)f  the  acceptance  of  their  pro- 
posals, I  retained  in  this  eity  a  special  agent  of  the  Department,  for 
the  purpose  of  sending  the  notices  of  acceptance  across  the  Missis- 
sippi river  by  him,  to  be  mailed  at  the  nearest  office  on  the  other  side. 
The  difficulties  before  referred  to  prevented  the  receipt  of  the  notices, 
in  numerous  cases,  in  time  to  enable  the  new  contractors  to  stock  the 
routes  and  begin  service  on  the  1st  July.  This  delay  produced  some 
confusion  in  the  mail  service,  which  was  partially  overcome  by  post- 
masters obtaining,  temporarily,  the  services  of  the  old  contractors. 

In  addition  to  the  States  above  named,  proposals  for  ncAV  service 
were  received  from  the  States  of  Mississippi,  Alabama  and  Tennessee, 
for  the  contract  term  of  four  years ;  and  it  is  found  that  the  cost  of 
the  service  in  all  of  these  States,  has  been  greatly  increased,  by  the 
causes  suggested  in  my  last  report  as  likely  to  produce  such  a  result. 

The  act  approved  April  19th,  1862,  establishing  a  uniform  rate  of 
postage  often  cents  on  single  letters,  and  the  act  approved  April  2 1st, 
reducing  the  amount  of  commission  allowed  to  postmasters,  have  not 
been  in  operation  long  enough  to  enable  me  to  determine  their  eflfect 
upon  the  revenues  of  the  Department. 

The  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  Postoffice  Department,  for  the 
three  quarters  for  which  the  accounts  have  been  made  up  in  the  Audi- 
tor's office  and  for  the  fractional  part  of  a  quarter,  embracing  the 
month  of  June,  1861,  are  as  follows: 

For  the  quarter  which  ended  September  30th,  1861,  embracing  the 
preceding  month  of  June, 

The  expenditures  were,  -  -  -     668,727  34 

Receipts,       -         -  -  414,163  64 

Excess  of  expenditures,                  -  -  $25  4,563  70 

For  the  quarter  Avhich  ended  December  31st,  1861, 

The  expenditures  were,           -                 -  721,430  29 

Receipts,        .                 .                 -  -     491,163  64 

Excess  of  expenditures,         -                 -  $230,266  65 
For  the  quarter  which  ended  March  31st,  1862, 

The  expenditures  were,                   -                 -  674,218  77 

Receipts,                -                 -                 -  418,802  52 

Excess  of  expenditures,  -  -  $255,416  25 

The  aggregate  expenditures  for  the  ten  months, 

which  ended  31st  March,  1862,  were     -  2,064,376  40 

Aggregate  receipts,        -  -  -  1,324,121  90 

Aggregate  excess  of  expenditures,         -  $740,254  50 


43 

It  is  to  be  borne  in  mind,  that  the  expenditures  as  shown  above, 
were  incurred  under  the  contracts  made  with  the  government  of  the 
United  States,  and  before  the  reductions  of  the  cost  of  service  by  the 
reduction  and  discontinuance  of  the  service  made  by  this  Department, 
had  gone  into  operation.  The  reductions  of  the  cost  of  the  service 
by  the  various  means  set  forth  in  my  last  report,  will  probably  show 
a  considerable  decrease  of  expenditure  for  the  quarter  which  ended 
June  3()th,  1862.  And  both  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the 
Department  will  be  materially  reduced  for  that  and  the  succeeding 
quarters,  by  the  occupation  of  portions  of  our  territory  by  the  enemy 
and  the  interruption  of  our  postal  communication  across  the  Missis- 
sippi river.  The  increased  cost  of  the  service  under  the  new  contracts 
referred  to  in  a  previous  part  of  this  report,  will  tend  to  prevent  the 
Department  from  becoming  self-supporting  by  the  time  prescribed  by 
the  Constitution.  It  remains  to  be  seen  whether  the  increase  of  the 
rates  of  postage,  the  reduction  of  the  commissions  heretofore  paid  to 
postmasters,  and  the  reduction  of  the  cost  of  service  by  the  various 
means  mentioned  in  my  last  report,  will  furnish  a  revenue  equal  to  the 
current  expenditures  of  the  Department.  That  it  would  have  done 
80,  if  we  could  have  held  all  our  territory  free  from  the  occupation  of 
the  enemy,  I  have  little  doubt. 

If  the  measures  already  adopted  by  Congress  and  by  this  Depart- 
ment fail  to  make  its  revenues  equal  to  its  expenditures,  by  the  time 
prescribed  by  the  Constitution,  a  still  further  reduction  of  the  cost  of 
the  service,  and  consequently  of  postal  facilities,  must  necessarily 
follow,  unless  it  be  deemed  advisable  by  Congress  to  inake  a  still 
greater  increase  of  the  rates  of  postage.  And  this  latter  alternative 
would  be  of  doubtful  policy,  unless  rendered  expedient  by  the  increased 
amount  of  currency  in  circulation  and  the  consequent  enhancement  of 
the  cost  of  the  service,  as  of  everything  else.  It  may  be  doubtful, 
even  in  view  of  such  a  condition  of  things,  whether  the  revenues  of 
the  Department  would  be  increased  by  an  increase  of  the  rates  of 
postage. 

To  show  the  difference  between  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the 
postal  service,  for  the  first  ten  months  under  the  Government  of  the 
Confederate  States  and  for  a  like  period  of  time  under  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  United  States,  the  following  figures  are  presented : 

The  expenditures  under  the  Government  of 
the  United  States  for  the  ten  months  which 
ended  June  3()th,  1860,  were      -  -        $3,580,205  66 

Expenditures  under  the  Government  of  the 
Confederate  States  for  the  ten  months 
which  ended  March  31st,  18G2,  -  2,064,376  40 

Showing  a  reduction  in  the  cost  of  the  ser- 
vice for  that  period  of    -  -  -  1,515,829  26 

The  receipts  for  that  period  under  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States  were  -  1,264,200  47 

Receipts  for  the  same  period  under  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  Confederate  States,  -  1,324,121   90 

Showing  an  increase  of  receipts  under  tho 

Confederate  Government  of        -  -  59,921  43 


44 

From  this  it  will  be  seen  that  the  cost  of  the  service  has  been 
greatly  reduced,  and  that  there  has  been  a  small  increase  of  the  reve- 
nues of  the  Department, 

I  renew  the  suggestions  of  my  last  report  in  favor  of  the  payment 
of  mail  contractors  for  the  services  performed  by  them  after  their 
several  States  seceded  from  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  and 
before  the  Government  of  the  Confederate  States  took  control  of  the 
service. 

I  am,  with  great  respect, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JOHN  H.  REAGAN, 

Postmaster  General. 
To  THE  President. 


MESSAGE  OF  THE  PRESIDENT. 


RtcuMOND,  Va.  Aug.  19,  1862. 
To  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  Confederate  States  : 

I  herewith  transmit  for  your  information  the  report  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  and  accompanying  estimates,  to  which  reference  was 
made  in  my  message  of  yesterday,  and  invite  your  careful  attention 
to  the  statements  and  recommendations  contained  in  them. 

JEFFERSON  DAVI3. 


REPORT  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  THE  TREA- 
SURY- 


TREASURY  DEPARTMENT,  C.  S.  A., 

Richmond,  August  I8th,  1862. 
Hon.  Thomas  S.  Bocock, 

Speaker  of  House  of  Representatives ^  C.  S.  A.  : 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report  of  the  condi- 
tion of  this  Department,  and  of  the  estimates  and  supplies  requisite 
for  the  support  of  the  Government,  until  the  1st  of  January  ensuing  : 

The  receipts  at  the  Treasury  up  to  1st  August  from  all  the  various 
sources' of  income  are  as  follows: 

From  Customs,             ....  $1,437,399  96 

Miscellaneous  sources,    ...  1,974,769  33 

Loan,  act  of  Feb.  28th,  1861,     -             .  15,000,000  00 

do      "  Aug.  19th,  1861,          -             -  22,613,346  61 
call  Deposits  under  act  of  December  24th, 

1861,        .....  37,585,200  00 

Treasury  Notes,  act  March  9th,  1861,     -  2,021,100  00 

do         do      «*    May  16th,  1861,      -  17,347,955  00 

do         do      *'    Aug.  19th,  1861,      .  167,764,615  00 

Int.     do         do      "    April  17th,  1861,      .  22,799,900  00 

1  &$2do         do      '*           .             -             -  846,000  00 

Temporary  Loan  from  banks — balance,  .  2,625,000  00 

War  Tax,            ....  10,539,91070 


$302,555,196  60 
The  expenditures  at  the  same  date  are  as  follows : 

War  Department,         ....        $298,376,54941 
Navy  Department,       ....  14,605,777  86 

Civil  and  Miscellaneous,  ...  15,766,503  43 


$328,748,830  70 


The  difference  between  this  sum  and  the  receipts,  amounting  to 
$26,193,634  10  is  made  up  of  the  various  balances  on  the  books  of 
the  Treasury  to  the  credit  of  disbursing  officers,  which  arc  not  yet 
paid. 

There  are,  also,  outstanding  requisitions  upon  the  Treasury,  upon 
which  warrants  arc  not  yet  issued,  as  follows : 


48 

War  Department,         ....  $18,112,192   15 

Navy         do  ....  411,936  00 

$18,524,128  15 

This  sum  must  be  added  to  the  expenditures  paid  as  above,  in  order 
to  exhibit  the  whole  expenditures  of  the  Government  from  its  com- 
mencement to  the  1st  August,  and  the  aggregate  is  $347,272,958  85, 
and  for  still  greater  accuracy  it  should  be  stated  that  as  about  five 
millions  of  the  amount  charged  as  expenditure  has  been  paid  for  the 
redemption  of  Deposit  Certificates,  the  aggregate  above  stateil  is  sub- 
ject to  that  abatement,  ^rhen  considered  in  the  light  of  actual  expenses. 

The  Treasury  Notes  issued  to  the  same  date  are  as  follows  : 

General  currency  notes  of  Five  Dollars  and  over,  180,956,935 

do                    under  Five  Dollars,     -  -  846,000 

Int.  bearing  at  rate                    3.65       -             -  -  1,441,200 

do             "                       7.30       -             -  -  22,799,900 


206,044,035 


To  pay  the  balance  against  the  Treasury  as   above  set 

forth,  there  must  be  a  further  issue  of  -  -     26,193,634 

And  to  pay  the  outstanding  requisitions,  as  above  stated     18,524,128 


250,761,797 


The  issue  already  made  of  these  notes  amounts  as  above 

shown  to       -  -  -  -  -  -   183,244,135 

Leaving  authority  to  issue  only,  _  .  .     16,755,865 


200,000,000 
The   differences  between   the  balances- now   due  by  the 

Treasury,      .-.---    44,717,762 
and  the  above    ------     16,755,865 


is  ..-..-    27,961,897 

Unless  this  balance  can  be  paid  by  bonds  or  7.30  notes,  the  authority 
to  issue  general  currency  notes  must  at  once  be  extended  to  pay  the 
same ;  and  that  authority  must  be  extended  still  further  to  meet  the 
appropriations  already  made  by  Congress,  and  not  yet  paid,  and  also 
the  further  appropriations  yet  to  be  made. 

The  appropriations  already  made  by  Congress   and 

not  drawn  on  1st  August,  amount  to  "         S  164,687,389  93 

The  estimates  submitted  by  tlic  various  Departments  of  the  addi- 
tional supplies  required  to  make  good  deficiencies  and  to  support  the 
Government  to  1st  January  next,  are  as  follows : 

For  the  War  Department,       -  -  -  44,373,591  36 

*'     "    Civil  list,       -  .  .  -  386,607  39 

"     "    Miscellaneous,  -  -  -  102,899  38 

$44,863,097   13 


49 

So  that  the  whole  amount  of  supplies  required  to  1st 

January  presents  a  total  of  _  .         $  209,550,437  06 

Congress  must  now  determine  the  best  mode  of  raising  this  sum. 

If  the  bonds  or  stock  of  the  Government  to  any  considerable  extent 
could  be  sold,  they  would  unquestionably  offer  the  best  mode  of  raising 
the  money.  An  examination  of  our  funded  debt  account  will  show 
that  only  a  small  portion  can  be  raised  in  this  way. 

The  whole  amount  of  bonds  and  stock  issued  is  as  follows :. 

8  per  cent,  stock  and  bonds,  -  -  -  41,577,250 

6  "       "     call  certificates,  -  -  -  32^784,400 


74,36 1,G50 

This  statement,  while  in  the  large  anlount  of  call  deposits,  it  ex- 
hibits its  confidence  in  the  credit  of  the  Government,  yet,  in  the  small 
comparative  amount  of  bonds  and  stock,  it  shows  ^n  indisposition  to 
make  investments  in  that  form.  We  are,  therefore,  constrained  to 
resort  to  Treasury  Notes  as  the  only  mode  by  which  the  requisite  funds 
can  be  raised.  This  resource  has  its  limits.  But  it  is  hoped  that  with 
a  reasonable  economy  in  making  the  appropriations,  the  plans  already 
set  in  operation  will  extend  those  limits,  so  as  to  reach  to  the  end  of 
the  war. 

The  inherent  objections  which  attend  a  Government  currency  are 
that  it  disturbs  the  standard  of  value  and  enhances  prices.  The 
facility  with  which  it  is  created  is  a  constant  temptation  to  excess ; 
and  the  danger  of  this  excess,  together  with  the  doubt  of  an  ability  to 
pay,  are  the  chief  causes  which  aifect  its  credit  as  a  currency. 

Thus  far,  no  want  of  confidence  has  been  exhibited  in  our  currency. 
It  freely  circulates  everywhere,  and  the  fact  that  the  barnking  institu- 
tions receive  and  pay  out  Treasury  Notes  in  their  own  business  is  the 
most  certain  indication  that  their  credit  is  unimpaired. 

The  other  cause  becomes  active  only  when  the  total  amount  of  cir- 
culation exceeds  the  usual  business  wants  of  the  community.  It 
operates  without  relation  to  the  actual  value  of  the  circulation,  so 
that  even  coin,  if  it  could  be  kept  in  a  country,  would  (if  in  ex- 
cess) produce  the  same  result.  The  eJBfect  is  a  necessary  consequence 
of  the  relation  between  the  whole  circulating  me<liura  an<l  the  whole 
business  and  property  of  the  community,  and  can  only  be  modified  Isy 
influences  upon  the  cause.  Every  means,  therefore,  which  will  reduce 
the  quantity  of  circulation  becomes  important,  and  should  diligently 
be  sought  after. 

It  was  with  this  view  that  Congress  adopted  two  measures  of  re- 
lief; one,  by  which  any  excess  in  the  quantity  of  currency  might  at 
once  be  permanently  withdrawn  and  funded  in  8  per  cent,  bonds — the 
other  by  which  the  same  effect  could  be  produced  for  a  time,  through 
interest  bearing  notes  and  deposits  on  call.  Both  plans  are  working 
well.  The  deposits  have  in  fact  been  a  permanent  loan  at  6  par  cent. 
The  interest^ notes,  although  current  to  a  certain  degree,  are  usually 
withdrawn  from  general  circulation  as  soon  as  a  sufficient  amount  of 
4 


50 

interest  has  accrued  upon  them  to  make  tiiem  valuable  as  a  temporary 
investment.  It  must  be  observed,  however,  that  if  this  interest 
should  remain  in  arrear  for  a  long  or  indefinite  time,  these  notes  en- 
counter a  difficultly  which  seriously  impairs  their  value,  namely,  that 
of  an  unproductive  investment.  Thus,  being  both  unproductive  and 
uncurrent.  they  will  not  pass  into  general  use  unless  the  interest  be 
paid  annually.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  issue  of  these  notes  already 
amounts  to  upwards  of  twenty-two  millions.  Much  of  it  has  doubt- 
less been  taken  under  the  belief  that  the  interest  would  be  paid  like 
other  interert,  and  I  have  encouraged  this  belief  by  stating  that  I 
would  recommend  to  Congress  that  the  interest  should  be  paid  annually. 
I  earnestly  hope  that  Congress  will  approve  this  recommendation. 
The  payment  eould  be  stamped  annually  on  the  note,  without  encum- 
bering it  with  a  coupon  ;  and  in  this  way  it  is  believed  the  objects  in- 
tended by  the  issue  would  be  effected. 

I  would  also  recommend  that  the  notes  be  issued  of  a  less  denomi- 
nation than  one  hundred  dollars.  The  large  amount  of  money  in  the 
hands  of  private  capitalists  is  the  fund  which  we  must  induce  to  be 
loaned  for  the  uses  of  the  Government.  From  the  War  Tax  returna 
and  from  estimates  as  to  such  States  as  have  not  yet  made  complete 
returns,  this  fund  may  be  set  down  at  seven  hundred  millions,  and  one 
of  the  best  means  for  procuring  the  use  of  part  of  it  by  the  Govern- 
ment seems  to  be  through  these  notes  Avhich  answer  the  double  pur- 
pose of  currency  and  investment. 

I  have,  also,  to  report  that  the  acceptance  of  deposits  on  call  at  6 
per  cent,  has  operated  well.  It  will  be  seen  that  nearly  thirty  millions 
have  been  deposited  in  this  way ;  thus  proving,  at  the  same  time,  the 
confidence  of  the  country  in  the  Government,  and  the  advantages  of 
the  plan. 

It  will  also  appear  from  the  statements  herewith  that  there  have  been 
issued  about  $846,000  of.  notes  under  five  dollars.  These  notes  are 
in  great  demand,  and  the  issue  of  them  may  be  extended  to  ten  mil- 
lions. 

The  issue  of  the  large  amounts  and  various  denominations  of  notes 
has  confronted  us  with  a  difficulty  which  calls  for  the  intervention  of 
Congress.  It  requires  the  services  of  129  clerks  to  perform  the  vari- 
ous duties  involved  in  the  issue  of  these  notes.  Of  these  about  72 
are  employed  in  signing ;  and  it  will  be  readily  seen  that  the  chief 
8(^curity  intended  by  the  signing  is  thus  reduced  to  but  little  practical 
value.  It  is  difficult  for  any  one  to  bear  in  mind  the  signatures  of  so 
many  different  writers;  but  when  to  this  is  added  the  changes  required 
by  sickness,  absence,  and  resignations  it  becomes  impossible. 

These  embarrassments  have  been  increased  by  the  efforts  of  our 
enemies  to  counterfeit  the  notes.  Organized  plans  seem  to  be  in 
operation  for  introducing  counterfeits  among  us  by  means  of  pri- 
soners and  traitors;  and  printed  advertisements  have  been  found, 
stating  that  the  counterfeit  notes,  in  any  quantity,  will  be  forwarded, 
by  mail,  from  Chesnut  street,  in  Philadelphia,  to  the  order  of  any 
purchaser. 


51 


Under  these  circumstances,  it  will  be  necessary  to  chancre  many  of 
the  plates  and  to  make  new  issues.  The  change  would  be  more  com- 
plete by  dispensing  with  the  variety  of  signatures,  which  are  attached 
to  the  other  notes.  I  am  informed  by  the  engravers  that  the  si<-na. 
tures  of  the  Register  and  Treasurer  might  be  engraved  in  fac  simile 
and  printed,  and  that  by  stamping  an  elaborate  engraving  in  colors  on 
the  back  of  the  note,  the  security  against  counterfeits  would  be 
greater  than  it  is  at  present.  The  expense  of  the  issue  would  be 
diminished  by  dispensing  with  the  numerous  signing  clerks  and  its 
more  prompt  execution  would  be  scoured.  In  order  to  make  this 
change,  the  authority  of  Congress  is  necessary.  The  laws  against 
counterfeiting,  if  not  already  sufficient,  must  be  made  to  embrace  these 
notes.  In  this  connection,  too,  it  is  proper  to  bring  to  the  notice  of 
Congress  that  the  penalties  of  the  law,  while  they  apply  to  any  per- 
son found  in  possession  of  counterfeit  blank  notes,  with  intent  to 
utter  them,  do  not  seem  to  embrace  notes  which  are  complete! v  filled 
up  and  ready  for  circulation. 

_  The  situation  of  the  country  made  it  advisable  to  remove  the  print- 
ing  arid  engraving  establishments  from  Richmond,  shortly  after  the 
last  adjournment  of  Congress.  The  distance  from  the  seat  of  govern- 
ment  at  which  so  delicate  a  business  must  now  be  conducted,  involves 
the  necessity  of  greater  expense  and  of  greater  ability  and  hi  .-her 
character  than  those  of  ordinary  clerks,  in  those  who  must  supeHn- 
tend.  I  would,  therefore,  respectfully  suggest  that  this  Department : 
be  made  a  separate  bureau,  and  that  a  Chief  Clerk,  with  an  appro- 
priate salary,  be  charged  with  the  superintendence  of  its  business  at  , 
Columbia. 

The  War  Tax  has  been  paid  by  the  several  States  as  follows- 

North  Carolina,  -  .  .        l,4()0,00(j  ()0 

Virginia,  -  .  .  2,12o,()0()  UO 

Louisiana,  .  .  .        2,oOO,0(K)  00 

Alabama,  -  .  .  2,000,000  00 

gf^^g^'-''  -  -  -  434,126   12: 

Ir^'!^''?  -  -  -  225,374   11 

Mississippi,  .  .  .        1,484,407  67 

$10,168,967.90 


The  State  of  Georgia  has  substantially  paid  in  the  .balance  due  bv 
her  and  the  State  of  South  Carolina  has  paid  the  whole  amount  due 
by  her  into  the  Treasury,  in  the  form  of  six  per  cent,.  c*ll. certificates. 
15ut  as  the  final  settlement  has  not  yet  taken  pUce,  th(v  certificates 
have  not  as  yet  been  delivered  up,  and  the  accouqt  is  not  yet  closed 
The  returns  from  the  States  of  Alabama,  Louisiana,  Mississippi' 
Arkansas  and  Texas,  have  not  yet  been  rendered  in  complete.  The 
two  former  States  have,  nevertheless,  paid  their  taxes  in  advance 

I^rora  the  documents  furnished,  it  appears  that  the  States  of  North 
Carolina  and  Alabama,  have  overpaid  their. ,  respective  assessments, 
and  1  will  ask  leave  to  submit  an  estimate  of  the  amounts  to  be  rc- 
tunded  them  as  soon  as  the  complete  returns,  shall  be  received 


52 

The  collection  of  the  War  Tax  has  presented  several  diflSculties, 
which  it  is  proper  that  Congress  should  have  in  view,  whenever  a 
further  tax  shall  be  levied.  These  difficulties  arc  presented  together 
in  a  report  from  the  Chief  Clerk  of  the  War  Tax  Office,  a  copy  of 
which  is  herewith  respectfully  submitted.  It  is  also  proper  to  state, 
that  by  a  judgment  of  the  District  Judge  of  South  Carolina,  money 
invested  in  State  bonds  has  been  excepted  from  the  War  Tax.  An 
appeal  has  been  ordered  from  this  judgment,  but  as  no  Supreme 
Court  has  yet  been  organized,  the  effect  of  the  judgment  will  be,  to 
release  from  any  future  tax  all  moneys  invested  in  this  form  in  South 
Carolina,  or  in  any  other  State  wherein  the  District  Judge  may  hold 
the  same  opinon. 

Since  the  last  meeting  of  Congress,  I  have  appointed  three  new 
places  of  deposit  for  public  moneys,  one  at  Galveston,  Texas,  one  at 
Knoxville,  Tennessee,  and  one  at  Augusta,  Georgia. 

The  Assistant  Treasurer  at  New  Orleans,  has  removed  his  office  for 
the  time,  to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and  the  depositary  at  Mobile  has 
made  a  temporary  removal  to  Montgomery,  Alabama. 

AH  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

C.  G.  MEMMINGER, 
Secretary  of  Treasury. 


[Copy.] 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 
War  Tax  Office,  August  1st,  1862. 

Hon.  C.  G.  Memminger, 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sir  :  Believing  that  the  continuance  of  the  war,  and  the  exigencies 
of  the  country  arising  therefrom,  will  impose  upon  Congress  the  duty 
of  providing  for  another  war  tax,  I  feel  it  my  duty  to  present  for 
your  consideration  some  of  the  views  I  entertain,  which  result  from 
my  observation  of  the  operations  of  the  act  of  19th  August,  1861, 
and  to  suggest  certain  amendments  which  I  think  should  be  adopted 
in  the  construction  of  any  statute  that  Congress  may  enact  on  this 
subject. 

It  is  not  intended  to  dictate  to  you  what  you  should  recommend 
Congress  to  do  in  the  premises,  but  merely  to  lay  my  suggestions 
before  you,  so  that,  if  you  perceive  any  merit  in  them,  you  may  adopt 
such  as  are  approved,  and  present  them  at  the  proper  time  for  the 
consideration  and  action  of  Congress. 

The  returns,  so  far  as  received  from  four  States,  exhibit  an  ine- 
quality in  the  valuation  of  certain  species  of  property,  which  is  unjust 
in  its  effects  upon  a  large  portion  of  tax  payers,  and  which,  in  any 
future  legislation,  I  think,  should  not  exist.  For  instance,  in  the 
State  of  Virginia  the  average  value  of  slaves,  according  to  the  war 
tax  assessments,  is  $350  64,  while  the  average  in  some  counties  goes 
up  to  $400,  and  in  others  falls  below  $300.  The  citizens  of  the  latter 
counties  contribute  to  the  general  fund  for  war  purposes  one  fourth 
less  than  those  of  the  former.  Such  inequality  is  unjust  and  bears 
heavily  on  that  class  of  citizens  who  are  most  willing  to  bear  the 
burden  of  taxation,  and  who  consequently  place  upon  their  property 
a  liberal  valuation.  Besides,  it  is  calculated  to  produce  murmurings 
and  discontent  among  the  people. 

In  view  of  these  facts,  it  seems  to  me  that  a  uniform  rule  of  valua- 
tion for  slave  property  in  each  State  should  be  incorporated  in  any 
future  tax  law  that  may  be  passed,  so  that  those  slaves  of  like  age  and 
sex  should  have  a  uniform  valuation -fixed  by  the  act  itself  throughout 
the  whole  State. 

It  would  be  difficult  to  adjust  any  uniform  scale  of  classification  for 
real  estate,  which  is  affected  by  so  many  contingencies  and  incidents 
arising  from  position  with  reference  to  marts  of  trade  and  commerce, 
navigable  waters,  railroads,  &c.,  but  with  slaves  it  is  different.  Those 
of  like  age  and  sex  usually  maintain  the  same  price  within  the  limits  of 
the  same  State.     In  connection  with  this  subject  I  beg  leave  to  make  a 


54 

quotation  from  the  report  of  Joseph  D.  Pope,  Esq.,  Chief  Collector  of 
War  Tax  for  the  State  of  South  Carolina.  He  says :  "  Those  per- 
sons appointed  bx  the  sub- collectors  to  make  the  assessment  of  the 
property  in  the  ?tatc  have,  doubtless,  endeavored  to  discharge  the 
duties  fairly  and  impartially,  and  in  many  instances  have  given  great 
satisfaction,  but  in  other  instances  the  work  has  been  imperfectly  done. 
This  results  not  so  much  from  the  fault  of  the  assessors  as  from  the 
difference  of  opinion  that  will  exist  as  to  the  value  of  property  by  two 
persons  in  the  same  community. 

It  is  respectfully  submitted,  that  by  putting  a  valuation  upon  slaves 
by  law,  according  to  a  classihcation  as  hereinbefore  referred  to,  (that 
is,  to  fix  a  scale  of  value  for  all  slaves  in  each  State  according  to  age, 
sex  and  qualifications,)  the  assessors  may  be  dispensed  with  entirely, 
and  the  expense  of  that  part  of  the  machinery  saved.  The  sub-col- 
lector can  make  his  appointments  throughout  the  district  and  take  the 
returns  in  the  same  manner  as  is  now  done  by  the  State  tax  collectors, 
and  he  can  fix  the  value  of  property  quite  as  well  as  the  assessor,  and 
in  less  time.  If  a  valuation  be  put  upon  slaves  by  law,  the  only  class 
of  property  now  taxed  that  would  be  likely  to  give  rise  to  a  difference 
of  opinion  is  real  estate,  and  the  sub-collector's  general  knowledge  of 
all  lands  in  his  district,  with  the  representations  of  the  owner  under 
oath,  aided  by  the  opinion  of  disinterested  persons,  would  enable  him 
to  fix  the  value  for  taxable  purposes  without  difficulty.  The  assessors 
arrived  at  their  conclusions  in  the  same  way  in  taking  the  present 
returns.  Large  towns  and  cities  may  be  made  an  exception,  and  for 
them  an  assessor  or  assessors  may  be  appointed  if  necessary." 

In  addition  to  these  views  of  Mr.  Pope,  it  may  be  further  suggested 
that  each  county  should  constitute  a  tax  district,  except  in  the  case  of 
very  large  counties,  which  may  be  divided  into  two,  and  that  large 
towns  and  cities  may  be  managed  in  the  same  way. 

The  sub-collectors'  compensation  should  be  a  certain  per  cent,  on  all 
sums  under  ten  thousand  dollars  say,  and  a  diminished  per  cent,  on 
all  over  that  amount,  and  under  twenty  thousand  dollars,  and  so  on, 
regularly  diminishing  the  per  centum  as  the  amount  increases,  so  as 
to  make  it  his  interest  to  collect  the  last  cent  due.  It  may  be  objected 
to  the  proposition  to  dispense  with  assessors,  that  there  would  be  no 
tribunal  to  determine  appeals  from  assessments  and  applications  for  a 
reduction  of  double  tax.  This  tribunal  might  be  supplied  by  the 
appointment  of  a  commissioner  for  each  district  from  ono  of  the 
magistrates  of  the  county,  binding  him  by  a  suitable  oath  and  giving 
him  the  usual  fees  for  trying  cases.  The  most  serious  evil  of  the 
present  system  of  assessments  i-,  the  diversity  of  opinion  among  so 
great  a  number,  and  the  consequent  inequality  of  valuation  of  the 
same  species  of  property,  and  the  inequality  of  taxation  resulting 
therefrom. 

The  present  law  requires  each  tax  payer  to  deliver  a  written  list  of 
his  property.  In  lieu  of  this  blank  printed  lists  should  be  supplied  to 
each  tax  payer  by  the  person  receiving  the  return. 

For  reasons  heretofore  expressed  in  a  communication  to  you,  dated 
7th  April  last,  I  would  further  suggest  that  Congress  be  asked  to 


S5 

authorize  the  appointment  of  a  disbursing  agent,  to  be  attached  to 
this  office,  whose  duty  it  shall  be,  under  the  supervision  of  the  secre- 
tary, to  examine  all  war  tax  accounts  and  settle  the  same  by  his 
requisition  on  the  Treasury,  and  to  make  monthly  or  quarterly  state- 
ments, as  may  be  deemed  most  proper,  to  the  first  auditor,  so  that  his 
monthly  or  quarterly  transactions,  as  the  case  may  be,  may  be  pre- 
sented in  one  large  account,  accompanied  by  the  stated  accounts  set- 
tled by  him  as  vouchers. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 
(Signed,)  T.  ALLAN, 

Chief  Clerk  of  War  Tax. 


TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 

Registers  Office,  August  4,  1862. 

ESTIMATES  OF  APPROPRIATIONS  required  for  the  support  of 
the  government  for  the  month  of  December,  18G2,  and  to  meet  deficien- 
cies arising  prior  to  ]st  December,  1862. 

(?IVIL  LIST. 

EXECUTIVE. 

For  compcDsation  of  the  President  of  the  Confederate  States, 

For  compensation  of  the  Vice-President  of  the  Confederate 
States,   -------- 

For  compensation  of  the  Private  Secretary  and  Messenger  of 
the  President,  ------- 

For  compensation  of  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  Assistant 
Secretary,  Comptroller,  Auditors,  Treasurer  and  Register, 
and  Clerks,  Messengers,  &c.,  in  the  Treasury  Department, 

For  incidental  and  contingent  expenses  of  the  Treasury  De- 
partment, ------- 

For  compensation  of  the  Secretary  of  AVar,  Chief  of  Bureau, 
and  Clerks  and  Messengers  in  the  War  Department 

For  incidental  and  contingent  expenses  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment, _--_--- 

For  compensation  of  Secretary  of  Nav}-^,  Clerks  and  Messen- 
gers,     -------- 

P'or  incidental  and  contingent  expenses  of  the  Navy  Depart- 
ment,    -------- 

For  compensation  of  the  Postmaster  General,  Chiefs  of  Bu- 
reaus, and  Clerks  and  Messengers  in  the  Postoflice  Depart- 
ment,    -  -  -•- 

For  compensation  of  the  Attorney  General,  Assistant  Attor- 
ney General  and  Clerks  and  Messengers,       -  -  - 

For  salary  of  Superintendent  of  Public  Printing,  Clerk  and 
Messenger,        -  -  -  -  -  - 

For  incidental  and  contingent  expenses  of  the  Department  of 
Justice,  ------- 

For  incidental  and  contingent  expenses  of  the  PostofBce  De- 
partment, ------- 

For  printing  for  the  several  Executive  Departments, 

TERRITORIAL. 

For  salaries  of  Governors  and  Commissioners  of  Indian  Af- 
fairs, and  Secretary,  Judges,  Attorney  and  Marshals  of 
Arizona  Tcrritorj',       ------  '808  71 

For  contingent  expenses  of  Arizona  Territory,  -  -  43  00 

Total  civil  list,  $102,899  38 


066  €6 

316  66 

14  75 

53,500  00 

GOO  00 

13,000  00 

5,000  00 

1,825  90 

1,000  00 

7,442  51 

1,002  30 

362  23 

500  00 

1,000  00 
10,416  66 

57  1 

Brought  forward,      -            .            -            .  .         $102,899  S8 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

For  light  and  fuel  for  the  Public  Buildings,      -             -  -               6,000  00 
For  engraving  and  printing  Treasury  Notes,  Bonds  and  Cer- 
tificates of  Stock,  and  for  paper  for  the  same,           -  -            250,000  00 
To  supply  deficiencies  in  the  revenue  of  the  Postoffice  Depart- 
ment,    -            -            -                         -            .            -  .           130,607  39 


Total  miscellaneous,         .  .  .  -  -         $386,607  39 


UNDER  THE  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WAR  DEPARTMENT. 

For  pay  of  officers  and  privates  of  the  Army,  Volunteers  and 
Militia,  and  for  Quartermaster's  supplies  of  all  kinds,  trans- 
portation and  other  necessary  expenses,       -  -  -       15,638,049  00 

For  support  of  prisoners  of  war,  and  for  rent  of  the  necessa- 
ry prisons,  guard-houses,  &c.,  -  -  -  200,000  00 

For  bounty  of  $50  to  each  non-commissioned  officer,  musician 

and  private  in  the  service  for  3  years  or  the  war;  -         3,000,000  00 

For  purchase  of  Subsistence  stores  and  Commissary  proper- 
ty   22,598,041  36 

For  the  Ordnance  service  in  all  its  branches,    -  -  -        2,200,000  00 

For  the  Engineer  service,  -----  200,000  00 

For  Medical  and  Hospital  supplies,         -  -  .  -  400,000  00 

For  pay  of  Nurses  and  Cooks  other  than  enlisted  men  or  vol- 
unteers, ---_...  48,000  00 

For  services  of  Physicians  to  be  employed  in  conjuuction  with 
the  Medical  Staff  of  the  army,  -  -  -  -  30,000  00 

For  the  establishment  and  support  of  Military  Hospitals,      -  59,500  00 


Total  under  War  Department,     -  -  -  -    $44,373,590  36 


RECAPITULATION. 


Civil  List,  -----         102,899  38 

Miscellaneous,    -----         386,607  39 
Under  direction  of  War  Deparment,    -  -    44,373,590  36 


Total,        -  -  -  .  $44,863,097  13 


Included  in  the  foregoing  estimates  are  the  fol- 
lowing for  deficiencies  arising  prior  to  De- 
cember 1st,  1862. 

For  compensation  of  Secretary  of  Treasury, 

Assistant  Secretary,  &c.,  Clerks,  &c.,  -  29,500  00 

For    incidental    and    contingent    expenses   of 

Treasury  Department,  _  -  -  3,000  00 

For  engraving  and  printing   Treasury  Notes, 

Bonds,  &c.,  and  for  paper,     -  -  -  185,000  00 

For  Subsistence  stores  and  Commissary  pro- 
perty,   15,997,560  II 


Total,        -  -  -  -  $16,215,060  11 


C.  T.  JONES, 
Acting  Regitter. 


TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 
Richmond,  Va.,  August  1th,  1862. 

ESTIMATES  of  Appropriations  required  for  the  Treasury  Department 
for  the  Month  of  December ^  1862,  including  deficiencies  arising  prior 
to  December  \st,  1862. 

The  pay  per  month  of  all  persons  connected  with  the 
Treasury  Department  on  the  30th  of  June,  1862, 
amounted  to  within  a  fraction  of      -  -  -        24,000  00 

The  amount  required  for  the  payment  of  salaries  for  the 
six  months  ending  December  31st,  1862,  provided 
there  be  no  increase  of  the  force  of  the  Department, 
will,  therefore,  be    -  -  -  -  -      144,000  00 

Deduct  salary  of  Secretary  paid  to  October  1st,  1862,  1,500  00 

Amount  required  for  the  six  months,    -  -      142,500  00 

Balances  of  appropriations  July  1st,    1862,  available 

for  payment  of  salaries,       _  .  -  -        89,000  00 

Required  to  be  appropriated,    -  -  -     $53,500  00 

The  contingent  expenses  of  Ihe  Department  average  per 

month,         .--.-.  3,000  00 

There  will,  therefore,  be  required  for  the  six  months,        18,000  00 
Balances  of  appropriations  July  1st,  1862,  available  for 

payment  of  contingent  expenses,     -  -  -        12,000  00 

Required  to  be  appropriated,     -  -  -  6,000  00 

Engravi7ig  and  Printing  Treasury  No'.es,  Bonds,  §'c. 

The  only  data  which  the  Register's  oflSce  possesses  upon 
which  to  base  an  estimate  of  the  amount  required  for 
*'  engraving  and  printing  Treasury  Notes,  Bonds, 
&c.,"  are  the  accounts  of  persons  engaged  in  furnish- 
ing the  Department  with  Notes  and  Bonds,  from 
which  it  appears  that  the  monthly  expenditures  for 
this  purpose  average,  .  .  _  _        65,000  00 

There  will,  therefore,  be  required  for  the  six  months  on 

this  basis,   ------      390,000  00 

Balance  of  appropriations  July  1st,  1862,  available  for 

this  object,  -  -  -  -  -      175,000  00 

$215,'000  00 


59 


Add,  to  meet  any  possible  increase  in  the  rate  of  ex- 
penditure, ---.._        35,000  00 


Required  to  be  appropriated,    -  -  .    |250,000  00 

C.  G.  MEMMINGER, 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

War  Department, 
Richmond,  July  19,  1862. 
Hon.  C.  G.  Memminger, 

Secretary  of  Treasury  : 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  enclose  estimates  for  the  month  of  De- 
cember from  the  Chiefs  of  Bureau  of  this  Department. 
A^ery  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

GEO.  W.  RANDOLPH, 

Secretary  of  War. 


[A  Copy.] 

CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA^ 

War  Department, 
Richmond,  July  19,  1862. 

Hon.  George  W.  Randolph, 

Secretary  of  War, 

Richmond,  Va. : 

Sir  :  Under  estimates  submitted  by  myself  to  your  predecessor  in 
oflSce,  Congress  at  its  last  sitting  made  appropriations  for  the  civil 
expenditures  of  this  Department  to  the  3()th  of  November,  1862,  in- 
clusive, and  I  am  now  directed  to  submit  further  estimates  for  similar 
expenditures  of  the  Department  up  to  the  31st  of  December,  1862. 

Under  the  heads  of  the  respective  appropriations  I  have,  therefore, 
to  submit  the  following  as  the  approximate  amounts  needed  for  the 
period  indicated,  viz : 

For  compensation  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  Assistant  Secretary  of 
War,  Chief  of  Bureau,  Clerks,  Messengers,  etc. — Thirteen  thousand 
dollars  ($  13,()0().) 

For  incidental  and  contingent  expenses — Five  thousand  dollars 
($5,000.) 

The  appropriations  made  by  Congress  at  its»last  sitting  for  the  sala- 
ries of  the  Commissioner  and  Chief  Clerk  as  well  as  for  the  incidental 
and  contingent  expenses  of  the  Indian  Bureau  to  the  30th  of  Novem- 
ber, 1862,  are  believed  to  be  sufficient  to  meet  the  further  expenses  of 
this  Bureau  during  the  month  of  December,  1862,  and  that,  therefore, 
no  additional  appropriation  for  tliis  purpose  is  necessary, 
I  am,  very  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JAMES  E.  PEEBLES, 
Disbursing  Clerk,  War  Department. 


QUARTERMASTER  GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 

Richmond,  Augtist  18,  1862. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  herewith  au  estimate  of  the  amount 
that  AvlAbe  required  for  the  Pay,  Transportation  and  other  allo^Yances 
providea  through  this  Department  for  the  army  for  one  month,  from 
the  1st  to  the  31st  day  of  December,  1862,  viz. : 

Field  and  Staff  for  one  month,  $  220,225  00 

25  Regiments  Cavalry,  1,265,177  00 

100  Companies  Artillery  (2  1-2  corps),     435,152  00 
350  Regiments  Infantry,  9,221,567  00 

$11,142,121   00 

To  -which  add : 
For  the  Transportation  of  troops  and  their  baggage, 

of  Quartermasters,   Subsistence,   Ordnance,   and 

Ordnance  Stores  from  the  place  of  purchase  to 

troops  in  the  field  ;  the  purchase  of  horses,  mules, 

wagons  and  harness;    the  purchase  of  lumber, 

nails,  iron  and  steel   for  erecting    store  house, 

quarters  for  troops  and  other  repairs ;    hire  of 

teamsters,  laborers,  &c.,  40  per  cent,  on  the  above,  4,368,758  00 
To  pay  for  horses  of  non-commissioned  officers  and 

privates  killed  in  battle,  under  act  No.  48,  Sec. 

7,  and  for  which  provision  is  to  be  made,  -  25,000  00 

To  pay  for  property  pressed  into   the  service  of  the 

Confederate  States,  under  appraisement,  and  said 

property  having  been  either  lost  or  applied  to  the 

public  service,    -  -  -  -  -  37,500  00 

For  the  subsistence  of  prisoners  of  war,  under  act 

No.  181,   Sec.  1,  and  the  hire  of  the  necessary 

prisons,  guard-houses,  &c.,  for  the  safekeeping  of 

the  same,  or  so  much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  2!)0,000  00 

For  the  bounty  of  $5')   to  each  non-commissioned 

officer,  musician  and  private  now  in  service  for  3 

years  or  for  the  war,  to  be  paid  at  the   expiration 

of  the  1st  year's  service  on  the  basis  that  60,000 

will  have  to  be  paid,        -  .  -  .        3,000,000  00 

For  the  pay  of  the  officers  on  duty  in  the   offices  of 

the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's  Department, 

the  Quartermaster  General's,  Medical,  Engineer, 

Ordnance  and  Subsistence  Departments,  -  64,670  00 

Total  required  for  one  month,  -  -   i$  18,838,049  00 

I  am,  sir,  very  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant,    A.  C.  MYERS, 

Qmrtermaster  General. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  0^  AMERICA, 

Subsistence  Department, 
Richmond,  July  Mth,  1862, 

Hon.  G.  W.  Randolph, 

Secretary  of  War  : 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  enclose  an  estimate  for  the  month  of 
December  as  required.  You  will  likewise  find  an  estimate  for  cover- 
ing the  deficiency  in  the  present  appropriation,  caused  by  the  enhance- 
ment of  every  commodity  used  of  from  100  to  5  or  600  per  cent.  This 
has  arisen  from  the  fact  that  this  Bureau,  as  you  well  kuoAV,  has  never 
been  able  to  command  funds  to  make  provision  in  advance ;  not  even 
in  amounts  adequate  to  current  demands.  This  matter  has  been  so 
often  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  War  Department  that  it  is 
deemed  useless  to  elaborate  upon  it. 

There  likewise  appears  an  estimate  of  ten  millions  for  the  curing 
of  bacon,  which  should  be  prepared  for  now,  and  in  full  execution 
before  December.  The  necessity  for  that  operation  last  winter  when 
the  remnants  of  salt,  from  prior  importations,  Avcre  numerous  in  the 
warehouses  of  business  men,  and  the  storehouses  of  individuals  and 
when  we  possessed  all  of  Tennessee — drew  some  from  Kentucky — and 
had  the  productive  regions  of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina,  has  been 
fully  verified. 

Nothwithstanding  the  losses,  our  armies,  both  eAst  and  west,  have 
been  kept  in  the  field  by  that  operation.     Now  the  necessity  of  a 
similar  proceeding  is  imperatively  indicated. 
I  am,  very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

L.  B.  NORTHROP. 
Commissary  Gmcral  Subsistence. 


AN  ESTIMATE  of  Fxmds  for  the  Subsistence  of  the  Confederate  States 
Army  for  the  Month  of  December,  1862,  for  475,000  men  for  31 
days,  making  14,725,000  Rations  in  all. 


14,725,000  rations  at  40-75c  per  ration, 
Add  ten  per  cent,  for  loss,  «S:c., 


6,000,437  50 
600,043  75 


Total  amount  required,  -  -  -  $6,600,481   25 

Cost  of  the  Ration  by  Estimate  Cost  of  100  Rations. 


Rations. 

Articles. 

75 

Bacon 

25 

Beef 

100 

Flour  

50 

Rice 

50 

Beans 

50 

Coffee 

100 

Sugar 

100 

Candles 

100 

Soap 

100 

Salt 

100 

Vinegar  .... 

100 

Molasses 

Quantity  in  Bulk. 

37  1-2  pounds. . . 
311-4  pounds. . . 

150  pounds 

5  pounds 

4  quarts 

3  pounds 

121  pounds. 

1  1-2  pounds.. . . 

4  pounds 

2  quarts 

4  quarts 

12  1-2  quarts.. .  . 


Price  of.   I  Amount. 


35c.  a  p'nd. 

13 

12  1-2 

20c.  ap'nd. 

6 

25 

$10  abbl.. 

7 

65 

6c.  a  pound. 

30 

4c.  a  quart. 

16 

6l)c.  a  p'nd. 

1 

80 

40c.  a  p'nd. 

4 

80 

25c.  a  p'nd. 

37  1-2 

30c.  a  p'nd. 

1 

20 

5c.  a  quart. 

10 

30c.  a  gall'n 

30 

37  1-2aq'rt 

4 

68  3-4 

40 

74  3-4 

L.  B.  NORTHROP, 

Commissary  General  Subsistence. 


AN  ADDITIONAL  ESTIMATE  of  Funds  for  the  S^lbsisfence  of  the 
Confederate  States  Army  for  the  Months  of  Attgvst,  September,  October 
and  November,  1862. 

The  amount  required  monthly  (owing 
to  the  greatly  enhanced  prices  of  all 
articles  of  the  ration)  is,  according 
to  the  detailed  estimate  for  Decem- 
ber, herewith  submitted,  -  $6,600,4M  26 
Four  months  here  required  would  then  be  -  26,401,926  00 
Remaining  of  last  appropriation,           -             -  20,404,365  89 

Amount  required  for  time  named,  -  -  5,997,560   11 

For  the  purchase  of  salt  and  packing  bacon,    -  10,000,000  00 

Total  amount  required,  -  -  $15,997,560   l^ 

^.  B.  NORTHROP, 
5  Commissary  General  Subsist  rnce. 

4 


afl 


SURGEON  GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 

Richmond,  Va.,  July  \5thy  1862. 

Estimate  No.  10. 

For  medical  and  hospital  supplies  from  December  1st  to 

December  3 1  St,  1862,     -         -         -   _  -         -         -  $400,000  00 

For  the  establishment  and  support  of  military  hospitals 

from  December  1st  to  December  Slst,  1862,     -        -       37,500  00 


$437,500  00 


S.  P.  MOORE, 

Surgeon  General. 


SURGEON  GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 

Richmond,  Va.,  July  \5th,  1862. 

Estimate  No.   11. 

For  pay  of  private  physicians  employed  by  contract 

from  December  1  to  December  31,  1862,  -         -     $30,000  00 

For  pay  of  nurses  and  cooks  not  enlisted  or  volunteer 

from  December  1  to  December  31,  1862,         -         -       48,000  00 

For  pay  of  Hospital  laundresses  from  December   1  to 

December  31,  1862, 10,000  00 

For  pay  of  Hospital  stewards  from  December  1  to  De- 
cember 31,  1862,  -         12,000  00 


$100,000  00 

S.  P.  MOORE, 
Surgeon  Gemral. 


ORDNANCE  OFFICE, 

July  \{)th,  1862. 

ESTIMATE  of  Funds  required  by  the  Ordnance  Bureau. 

Amount  required  for  expenditures  for  Ordnance  ser- 
vice in  all  its  branches  for  the  month  of  December, 

1862, $2,200,000  00 

•     ) 

Amount  expended  per  month  during  the  last  twelve 
months,    -----    $2,200,000  00 

Respectfully  submitted, 

TIIOS.  S.  RIIETT, 
Col.  in  charge  of  Ordnance  Bureau. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

War  Department, 

Engineer  Bureau, 
Richmond,  Va.,  15tli  July,  18G2. 

Estimate  of  funds  required  by  the  Engineer  Bureau  for  the  month 
of  December,  1862, — $200,000,  (two  hundred  thousand  dollars.) 

A.  S.  RIVES, 
Acting  Chief,  Engineer  Bureau. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

Department  of  State, 
,  Richmmd,  July  10,  1862. 

Hon.  C.  G.  Memminger, 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury  : 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter  of 
the  7th  instant,  relative  to  estimates  of  appropriations  required  for 
this  Department. 

The  President  having  determined  that  the  estimates  to  be  submitted 
to  Congress  at  its  extra  session  in  August  next,  shall  be  for  the  month 
of  December,  1862.  I  have  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  the  appro- 
priations already  voted,  are  deemed  sufficient  for  the  service  of  this 
Department  to  the  1st  of  January,  1863. 

I  am,  your  obedient  servant, 

J.  P.  BENJAMIN, 
Secretary  of  State. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

Department  of  Justice, 
Richmond,  July  H,  1862. 

Hon.  C.  G.  Memminger, 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury  : 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  estimates  of  expen- 
ditures for  this  Department,  from  the  1st  to  the  ^Ist  December  next: 

1.  For  compensation  of  Attorney  General,  Assistant  Attorney 
General,  Clerks  and  Messenger,  one  thousand  and  two  30-100  dollars. 

2.  For  compensation  of  Superintendent  of  Public  Printing,  Clerk 
and  Messenger  in  his  bureau,  three  hundred  and  sixty-two  23-100 
dollars. 

3.  For  printing  of  the  several  Executive  Departments,  ten  thou- 
sand four  hundred  and  sixteen  66-100  dollars. 

4.  For  contingent  expenses  of  Department,  five  hundred  dollars, 

5.  For  salaries  of  the  Governor  and  Commissioner  of  Indian  Af- 
fairs, Secretary,  Judges,  Attorney  and  Marshal  of  Arizona  Territory, 
eight  hundred  and  eight  71-100  dollars. 

6.  For  contingent  expenses  of  Arizona  Territory,  to  be  expended 
by  the  Governor,  forty-three  dollars. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

WADE  KEYES, 
Acting  Attorney  General. 


CONFEDERATE  ^ATES  OF  AMERICA, 

PosTOFFicE  Department, 
Richmond,  July  19,  1862. 

Hon.  C.  G.  Memminger, 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury  : 

Sir  :  In  compliance  ■with  your  request  of  the  7th  instant,  I  have 
the  honor  to  submit  the  following  estimate  of  the  sums  required  for 
the  compensation  of  the  Postmaster  General,  Chiefs  of  Bureaus, 
Clerks,  Messengers  and  Laborers,  from  the  1st  to  31st  December, 
1862: 


For 

compensation 

of  the  Postmaster  General  at,        ] 

$,6000  GO 

$505  43 

K 

(( 

(( 

3  Chiefs  of  Bureaus, 

(( 

3,000  00 

758  13 

CC 

(( 

u 

1  Chief  Clerk, 

a 

l,5on  00 

126  35 

ft 

u 

(t 

4  Principal  Clerks, 

1,400  00 

471  72 

u 

(C 

" 

1  Disbursing  Clerk, 

1,400  00 

117  93 

(C 

C( 

(i 

24  Clerks, 

1,200  00 

2,425  92 

a 

a 

« 

31  Clerks, 

1,000  CO 

2,611  13 

a 

a 

(( 

1  Topographer, 

1,500  00 

126  35 

K 

a 

u 

1  Watchman, 

50O  00 

42  12 

(C 

a 

u 

2  Messengers, 

500  00 

84  24 

(( 

(C 

u 

1 

400  00 

33  69 

(( 

(C 

li 

3  Laborers, 

1   50 

perclayl39  50 

$7,442  51 

Also  an  appropriation  of  $1,000  will  be  required  for  the  contingent 
fund  of  this  Department. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  St.  GEO.  OFFUTT, 
Acting  Postmaster  General. 


CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

PcSTOFFiCE  Department, 
Richmond,  July  19,  1862. 

Hon.  C.  G.  Memminger, 

Secretary  of  Treasury  : 

Sir:  In  pursuance  of  an  act  of  Congress,  approved  April  9th, 
1862,  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  estin.ate  of  receipts 
and  expenditures  from  1st  to  51st  December,  1862. 

The  act  of  Congress,  approved  2nd  July,  1836, — now  in  force — 
requires  that  the  accounts  of  the  Postoffice  Department  shall  be  kept 
in  such  manner  as  to  exhibit  the  amount  of  its  revenues  derived  from 
certain  sources,  and  the  amount  of  its  expenditures  for  certain  speci- 
fied objects,  but  I  regret  to  state  that  the  accounts  have  not  been  so 
kept  in  the  Auditor's  office.  Therefore,  I  have  not  been  able  to  obtain 
from  that  office  *  the  proper  official  data  upon  which  to  base  the  esti- 
mates of  receipts  and  expenditures,  (see  copy  of  letter  of  acting 
Auditor,  herewith  annexed,)  and  have  been  constrained  to  base  them 
upon  the  data  in  possession  of  the  Department  at  the  time  the  last 
estimates  were  submitted. 

Estimated  receipts  and  expenditures  from  1st  to  3 1st  December,  1862. 
For  transportation  of  mails  inland. 
For  compensation  of  Postmasters, 
For  Clerks  of  Postoffices,         _  -  - 

For  ship,  steamboat  and  way  letters,    - 
For  furniture  for  Postoffices,    -  -  - 

For  advertising,  _  _  _  _ 

For  mail  bags,  _  _  .  - 

For  paper  and  blanks,  _  _  - 

For  wrapping  paper,   -  -  -  - 

For  mail  locks,  keys  and  stamps. 
For  mail  depredations  and  Special  Agents, 
For  miscellaneous  payments. 
For  postage  stamps,    -  -  -  - 

Amounting  to,  -  -  - 

RECEIPTS. 

From  letter  postage,       -  -  -  $116,987   56 

From  postage  on  newspapers  and  pam- 
phlets, -  .  -  -        20,M8  67 
From  surplus  commissions,         -  -  915  67      138,051   90 

Estimated  deficiency  from  1st  to  31st  December,  1862,     $150,607  39 


-   195,601 

31 

55,328 

26 

9,659 

32 

58 

37 

1 

00 

350 

94 

14 

25 

1 .020 

85 

227 

36 

38 

00 

1,571 

45 

1,963 

78 

2.824 

40 

-  $268,659 

29 

74 

To  meet  the  liabilities  of  the  Department  from  Ist  to  31st  Decem- 
ber, 1862,  an  appropriation  of  $138,051  90,  will  be  required  out  of 
any  moneys  in  the  Treasury  arising  out  of  the  revenues  of  the  De- 
partment, and  to  supply  the  estimated  deficiency  in  the  revenues  of 
the  Department  as  above  shown,  and  to  enable  the  Department  to 
meet  its  estimated  liabilities  from  1st  to  31st  December,  1862,  it  will 
be  necessary  for  Congress  to  appropriate  out  of  the  General  Treasury, 
the  further  sum  of  $130,607  39. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

H.  St.  GEO.  OFFUTT, 
Acting  Postmaster  General. 


[Copy.] 

CONFEDERATE  STATES  OF  AMERICA, 

Treasury  Department, 

First  Auditor's  Office, 
July  18th,  1862. 

Hon.  John  L,  Harrell, 

Chief  of  Finance  Bureau,  P.  OB.: 

Sir  :  I  regret  to  inform  you  that,  in  consequence  of  the  indisposi- 
tion of  several  of  the  Clerks,  and  absence  from  other  causes,  taken  in 
connection  with  the  removal  of  the  records,  temporarily,  from  the 
city,  and  the  consequent  unavoidable  delay  in  settling  and  adjusting 
the  postal  business  of  the  office — it  will  be  almost  impossible  to  ren- 
der a  concise  and  accurate  statement,  to  the  Postmaster  General,  in 
time  to  enable  you  to  communicate  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
in  accordance  with  par.  1,  chap.  20,  act  of  Congress,  approved  April 
9th,  1862,  the  estimates  for  the  Postoffice  Department  of  the  C.  S. 

I  sincerely  trust  that  the  management  of  the  public  business,  here- 
after, may  be  uninterrupted  by  similar  recurrence,  and  shall  use  every 
effort  to  render  the  requisite  statement  at  as  early  a  day  as  possible. 

^  I  am,  sir,  with  great  respect, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed,)  J.  W.  ROBERTSON, 

Acting  Auditor. 


NAVY  DErARTMENT, 

July  nth,  1862. 

ESTIMATES  of  the  amount  required  for  compensation  of  Secretary  of 
the  Navy,  Clerks  and  Messenger  in  his  office  lor  the  month  of  Decem- 
ber, 1862. 

For  salary  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  per  act  approved 

February  21st,  1861, $50000 

For  salary  of  Chief  Clerk,  also  Corresponding  Clerk  and 

Disbursing  Agent,  per  act  approved  March  8th,  1861,  175  00 

For  salary  of  four  clerks,  on  duty  at  Navy  Department, 
attached  to  §the  office  of  Orders  and  Detail,  Ordnance 
and  Hydrography,  Provisions  and  Clothing,  and  Medi- 
cines and  Surgery,  per  section  9  of  act  approved  March 
15th,  1861,  at  Si, 500  per  annum  each,       -         -         -         500  00 

For  salary  of  one  clerk  at  $1,500  per  annum,  per  act  ap- 
proved January  14th,  1862,       125  00 

For  salary  of  two  clerks  at  $1 ,200  per  annum,  per  act  ap- 
proved March  8th,  1862,  -         -         -         -         -         -         200  00 

For  salary  of  one  clerk  at  $1,200  per  annum,  per  act  ap- 
proved January  14th,  1862,       -----  10000 

For  salary  of  one  clerk  at  $1,000  per  annum,  per  act  ap- 
proved March  8th,  1861,  84  24 

For  salary  of  one  draftsman  at  $1,200  per  annum,  per 

act  approved  January  18th,  1862,       -          -  -          -  100  00 

For  salary  of  ^Messenger  at  $500  per  annum,  per  act  ap- 
proved March  8th,  1862,   41   66 


One  thousand  eight  hundred  and  twenty-five  dollars  and 

ninety  cents, $1,825  90 

S.  11.  MALLORY, 
Secretary  of  the  Navy. 


i 


r> 


NAVY  DEPARTMENT, 

July  nth,   1862. 

ESTIMATE  of  the  amount  required  for  Incidental  and  Contingent  Ex- 
penses of  the  Navy  Department  for  tJie  7nonth  of  December,  1862. 

For  incidental  and  contingent  expenses  of  the  Navy  De- 
partment,          $1,000  00 


One  thousand  dollars,  -----__   $1,000  00 

S.  R.  MALLORY, 
Secretary  of  the  Navy. 


^ 


^d:^»^^  ■    -*-«^. 


Secretary  of  tJie  Navy. 


